| 1. |
- Wiljén, Angelica, et al.
(författare)
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The development of a mHealth tool for children with long-term illness to enable person-centred communication : a co-design approach
- 2021
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Ingår i: Quality of Life Research. - : SPRINGER. - 0962-9343 .- 1573-2649. ; 30:SUPPL 1, 1, SI
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background:Children with long-term illnesses frequently experience symptoms that could negatively affect their daily lives. These symptoms are often underreported in health care. Despite a large number of mobile health (mHealth) tools, few are based on a theoretical framework or supported by scientific knowledge. Incorporating universal design when developing a product can promote accessibility and facilitate person-centered communication.Objective: The aim of this study is to identify the symptom-reporting needs of children with cancer and congenital heart defects that could be satisfied by using a mobile app. Another aim is to evaluate how the child might interact with the app by considering universal design principles and to identify parents’ views and health care professionals’ expectations and requirements for an mHealth tool.Methods: User-centered design is an iterative process that focuses on an understanding of the users. The adapted user-centered design process includes 2 phases with 4 stages. Phase 1 involved interviews with 7 children with long-term illnesses, 8 parents, and 19 health care professionals to determine their needs and wishes for support; a workshop with 19 researchers to deepen our understanding of the needs; and a workshop with developers to establish a preliminary tool to further investigate needs and behaviors. Phase 2 involved interviews with 10 children with long-term illnesses, 9 parents, and 21 health care professionals to evaluate the mock-up (prototype) of the mHealth tool. Data were synthesized using the interpretive description technique.Results:A total of 4 aspects of needs emerged from the synthesis of the data, as follows: different perspectives on provided and perceived support; the need for an easy-to-use, non–clinic-based tool to self-report symptoms and to facilitate communication; the need for safety by being in control and reaching the child’s voice; and a way of mapping the illness journey to facilitate recall and improve diagnostics. The children with long-term illnesses expressed a need to not only communicate about pain but also communicate about anxiety, fatigue, fear, and nausea.Conclusions: The findings of this study indicated that the PicPecc (Pictorial Support in Person-Centered Care for Children) app is a potential solution for providing communicative support to children with long-term illnesses dealing with multiple symptoms and conditions. The interview data also highlighted symptoms that are at risk of being overlooked if they are not included in the mobile app. Further studies are needed to include usability testing and evaluation in hospitals and home care settings.
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| 2. |
- Lei, Xiangyu, 1992, et al.
(författare)
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Model-Based Parametric Study of Surface-Breaking Defect Characterization Using Half-Skip Total Focusing Method
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of nondestructive evaluation. - : Springer Nature. - 0195-9298 .- 1573-4862. ; 42:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- As the demand of structural integrity in manufacturing industries is increasing, the ultrasonic array technique has drawn more attention thanks to its inspection flexibility and versatility. By taking advantage of the possibility of individual triggering of each array element, full matrix capture (FMC) data acquisition strategy has been developed that contains the entire information of an inspection scenario. Total focusing method (TFM) as one of the ultrasonic imaging algorithms, is preferably applied to FMC dataset since it uses all information in FMC to synthetically focus the sound energy at every image pixel in the region of interest. Half-skip TFM (HSTFM) is proposed in multi-mode TFM imaging that involves a backwall reflection wave path, so that the defect profile could be reconstructed for accurate defect characterization. In this paper, a method involving Snell’s law-based wave mode conversion is proposed to account for more reasonable wave propagation time when wave mode conversion happens at backwall reflection in HSTFM. A series of model based simulations (in software simSUNDT) are performed for parametric studies, with the intention of investigating the capability of defect characterization using HSTFM with varying tilt angle and relative position of surface-breaking notch to array probe. The results show that certain TFM modes could help with defect characterization, but the effectiveness is limited with varying defect features. It is inappropriate to address a certain mode for all characterization perspectives but rather a combination, i.e., multi-mode TFM, should be adopted for possible interpretation and characterization of defect features.
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| 3. |
- Lindgren, Erik, et al.
(författare)
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Autoencoder-Based Anomaly Detection in Industrial X-ray Images
- 2021
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Ingår i: <em>Proceedings of 2021 48th Annual Review of Progress in Quantitative Nondestructive Evaluation</em>. Virtual, Online. July 28–30, 2021.. - : ASME Press. - 9780791885529 ; , s. 28-30
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Within many quality-critical industries, e.g. the aerospace industry, industrial X-ray inspection is an essential as well as a resource intense part of quality control. Within such industries the X-ray image interpretation is typically still done by humans, therefore, increasing the interpretation automatization would be of great value. We claim, that safe automatic interpretation of industrial X-ray images, requires a robust confidence estimation with respect to out-of-distribution (OOD) data. In this work we have explored if such a confidence estimation can be achieved by comparing input images with a model of the accepted images. For the image model we derived an autoencoder which we trained unsupervised on a public dataset with X-ray images of metal fusion-welds. We achieved a true positive rate at 80–90% at a 4% false positive rate, as well as correctly detected an OOD data example as an anomaly.
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| 4. |
- Seal, M. K., et al.
(författare)
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Machine learning classification of in-tube condensation flow patterns using visualization
- 2021
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Ingår i: International Journal of Multiphase Flow. - : Elsevier. - 0301-9322 .- 1879-3533. ; 143
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Identifying two-phase flow patterns is fundamental to successfully design and subsequently optimize highprecision heat transfer equipment, given that the heat transfer efficiency and pressure gradients occurring in such thermo-hydraulic systems are dependent on the flow structure of the working fluid. This paper shows that with visualization data and artificial neural networks, the flow pattern images of condensation of R-134a refrigerant in inclined smooth tubes can be classified with more than 98% accuracy. The study considers 10 classes of flow pattern images acquired from previous experimental works for a wide range of flow conditions and the full range of tube inclination angles. Although not the focus of this paper, the use of a Principal Component Analysis allowed feature dimensionality reduction, dataset visualization, and decreased associated computational cost when used together with multilayer perceptron neural networks. In addition, the superior two-dimensional spatial learning capability of convolutional neural networks allowed improved image classification and generalization performance. In both cases, the classification was performed sufficiently fast to enable real-time implementation in two-phase flow systems.
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| 5. |
- Eklund, Johan, 1991, et al.
(författare)
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High-Temperature Corrosion of HVAF-Sprayed Ni-Based Coatings for Boiler Applications
- 2019
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Ingår i: Oxidation of Metals. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1573-4889 .- 0030-770X. ; 91:5-6, s. 729-747
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The present study investigates the initial corrosion behaviour of HVAF-sprayed NiCr, NiAl and NiCrAlY coatings in two different environments, O 2 + H 2 O and O 2 + H 2 O + KCl at 600 °C for up to 168 h in order to evaluate the possibility of utilizing such coatings in biomass- and waste-fired boilers. SEM/EDX analysis showed that all coatings displayed a protective behaviour in O 2 + H 2 O. Upon addition of KCl (O 2 + H 2 O + KCl), the corrosion behaviour of the NiCr coating drastically changed as it formed a thick oxide layer and displayed major chlorine diffusion down to the substrate. The NiCrAlY coating displayed a significantly better corrosion resistance with only minor oxide formation. The NiAl coating exhibited a protective behaviour similar to when exposed in the absence of KCl indicating that a thin protective oxide has formed on the coating surface. The performance of the NiAl and NiCrAlY coatings is promising for future studies with long-term exposures in more corrosive environments such as in a biomass- and waste-fired boiler.
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| 6. |
- Karlsson, MariAnne, 1956, et al.
(författare)
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Use-centred design of medical and health care technology: a pilot study of field tests as a development tool
- 2011
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Ingår i: International Journal of Biomedical Engineering and Technology. - : InderScience Publishers. - 1752-6426 .- 1752-6418. ; 5:1, s. 11-28
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of the project described in the paper was to develop a process through which users, staff as well as patients, can be involved in field evaluations of medical and health-care technology. Interviews with different stakeholders and the experiences from four case studies have led to the following conclusions: Users have the potential to act as active evaluators rather than passive subjects or participants only. However, user involvement in field evaluations must be supported by a formation of facilitators or ‘door openers’ to the health-care organization, moderators enhancing the dialogue between developers and users, and mentors for the users acting as evaluators.
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