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- Brandén Klang, Anders, 1967-, et al.
(författare)
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Sustainable management of combustible household waste-Expanding the integrated evaluation model
- 2008
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Ingår i: Resources, Conservation and Recycling. - : Elsevier BV. - 0921-3449 .- 1879-0658. ; 52:8-9, s. 1101-1111
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A previously described model for the evaluation of sustainability in waste management has been expanded and applied to biodegradable and other combustible household waste. The model was applied to a case-study focusing on the special conditions in a municipality in the sparsely populated region of northern Sweden. In this region it is usual that the collection distances are long, the volume of waste is low and treatment facilities are remote. Four scenarios for the management of municipal household waste were compared: incineration, anaerobic digestion, composting and landfilling. A system analysis was performed to ensure that each scenario fulfil all the functions that the waste could provide (heat, electricity, fuel, and soil with a high nutrient content) and a sensitivity analysis was carried out to test the reliability of the results. The results show that the evaluation model can be used to assess the sustainability aspects of different treatment scenarios for combustible household waste. The model also allows for an individual interpretation of the results presented, depending on the choice of priorities. The effects of varying the time horizons and the difference in impact depending on what fuels are ultimately replaced in energy production are discussed.
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- Grönlund, Erik, et al.
(författare)
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Emergy and socio-ecological principles in sustainability assessment. Methodological considerations from a wastewater treatment case study
- 2005
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Ingår i: Emergy Synthesis 3. - Gainesville : University of Florida. ; , s. 345-354
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Emergy analysis and socio-ecological principles were used for sustainability assessment in a wastewater treatment case study. A constructed model of a microalgae wastewater treatment plant (ALGA), assumed located in Sweden at latitude 60°N, was tested by comparing it to a conventional three-step treatment plant (WWTP), and a mechanical and chemical treatment plant complemented with a constructed wetland (TP+CW). Based on the results from the two assessment methods the ALGA model were considered having a better position for sustainable development, than the other two. In emergy terms the ALGA model had about half the resource use of the other two alternatives, the highest relative use of local free environmental resources, and the best emergy sustainability index (ESI). The violation against the 2nd and 3rd socio-ecological principles were considered equal for the three alternatives. The 4th was estimated to be in favour of the ALGA model, and the 1st principle was calculated to be in favour of the ALGA model with about 8 times lower indicator value. This paper focus on the methods used in the case study. The performance of the methods is compared, including a discussion on how they relate to the concept of sustainability. The two methods were developed from very different starting points, and use different assessment parameters. Regardless of this, the ranking of different options comes out identically, indicating that both methods are equally useful for assessments of sustainability in the studied system.
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- Klang, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Sustainability in a building material waste management project - an integrated framework for environment, economy and social equity
- 2001
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Ingår i: International Ecological Engineering Conference, 26-29 November, 2001, Lincoln University, Christchurch, New Zeeland. ; , s. 196-201
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The main focus of this paper is to present a sustainability evaluation framework which includes environmental, ecological and social aspects. This is illustrated through a case-study concerning reuse and recycling of building and demolition wastes. Groups of long term unemployed people were offered environmental education and manual labour, working with recovery and recycling of building and demolition wastes as a form of vocational advancement. Two groups of unemployed people have worked within the project for periods between six months and one year. As for reducing environmental impact, the most promising results were shown within the process of preparing bricks for re-using. This activity also proved to be economically sound, but concern for sustainability from a health and work environment perspective is expressed. The discussion analyses the possibility to use the framework as intended, to identify sustainable jobs, and remaining obstacles to such analyses. One important conclusion is that the data collection to perform this kind of sustainability analysis is resource demanding, and that it therefore would be of future interest to identify simplifications that do not impair the quality of the analysis.
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