| 1. |
- Garmabaki, Amir H. Soleimani, et al.
(författare)
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A Survey on Underground Pipelines and Railway Infrastructure at Cross-Sections
- 2019
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 29th European Safety and Reliability Conference (ESREL 2019). - Singapore : Research Publishing Services. ; , s. 1094-1101
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Underground pipelines are an essential part of the transportation infrastructure. The structural deterioration of pipelines crossing railways and their subsequent failures are critical for society and industry resulting in direct and indirect costs for all the related stakeholders. Pipeline failures are complex processes, which are affected by many factors, both static (e.g., pipe material, size, age, and soil type) and dynamic (e.g., traffic load, pressure zone changes, and environmental impacts). These failures have serious impacts on public due to safety, disruption of traffic, inconvenience to society, environmental impacts and shortage of resources. Therefore, continuous and accurate condition assessment is critical for the effective management and maintenance of pipeline networks within transportation infrastructure. The aim of this study is to identify failure modes and consequences related to the crossing of pipelines in railway corridors. Expert opinion have been collected through two set of questionnaires which have been distributed to the 291 municipalities in the whole Sweden. The failure analysis revealed that pipe deformation has higher impact followed by pipe rupture at cross-section with railway infrastructure. For underground pipeline under railway infrastructure, aging and external load gets higher ranks among different potential failure causes to the pipeline.
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| 2. |
- Garmabaki, Amir Soleimani, et al.
(författare)
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Underground pipelines and railway infrastructure : failure consequences and restrictions
- 2020
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Ingår i: Structure and Infrastructure Engineering. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1573-2479 .- 1744-8980. ; 16:3, s. 412-430
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Underground pipelines are an essential part of the transportation infrastructure. The structural deterioration of pipelines crossing railways and their subsequent failures can entail critical consequences for society and industry, resulting in direct and indirect costs for all the stakeholders involved. Therefore, continuous and accurate condition assessment is critical for the effective management and maintenance of pipeline networks within the transportation infrastructure. The aim of this study has been to identify failure modes and consequences related to pipelines crossing railway corridors. Expert opinions have been collected through interviews and two sets of questionnaires have been distributed to the 291 municipalities in Sweden, with 137 responses in total. The failure analysis has revealed that pipe deformation has the highest impact, followed by pipe rupture at locations where pipelines cross railway infrastructure. For underground pipelines under railway infrastructure, ageing and the external load were awarded a higher ranking than other potential causes of pipeline failure.Authors gratefully acknowledge the funding provided by Sweden’sinnovation agency, Vinnova, through the strategic innovation programmeInfraSweden2030. The funding was granted in a competitiveapplication process that assessed replies to an open call for proposalsconcerning “Condition Assessment and Maintenance of TransportInfrastructure (Grant No. 2016-033113)”.Authors gratefully acknowledge the technical support and collaboration(In-kind support) of Arrsleff R€orteknik at Sweden, Luleå RailwayResearch Center (JVTC), Stormwater&Sewers and the SwedishTransport Administration (Trafikverket). In addition, the authors arethankful to the anonymous referees for their constructive commentsand Dr Matthias Asplund and Dr Masoud Naseri for their support andsuggestions.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Pericault, Youen, 1992-, et al.
(författare)
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Modelling the long-term sustainability impacts of coordination policies for urban infrastructure rehabilitation
- 2023
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Ingår i: Water Research. - : Elsevier. - 0043-1354 .- 1879-2448. ; 236
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Due to structural and hydraulic deterioration, urban water pipe networks have annual rehabilitation needs. Worldwide, these needs are often significantly larger than the actual amount of rehabilitation being performed, leading to increased risks of serious failures, lower performance and a growing techno-financial burden for future generations. It is well accepted that, in order to limit the multiple impacts of utility works in the urban environment, rehabilitation projects should be coordinated between water, transport, energy and telecommunication infrastructures. In practice, such coordination means that public utilities must rehabilitate assets earlier or later than technically needed, in order to engage in joint projects in which digging and resurfacing expenditures are shared. Hence, at the municipal scale, such coordination influences two variables that are key to strategic decision support: average costs (€/metre) for asset rehabilitation, and the service lifetimes of those assets. However, current models for strategic asset management do not enable practitioners to estimate how changes in the coordination process may influence the long-term financial and environmental impacts of infrastructure rehabilitation. The present study aimed at addressing this methodological gap by introducing the concept of a coordination window that quantifies to what extent utilities compromise asset rehabilitation times in order to join multi-utility projects. An algorithm for modelling the influence of the coordination window size on long-term sustainability costs is presented and applied to one Swedish municipality. The results suggested that total capital costs and carbon emissions can be lowered by 34% and 16% with a coordination window of 35 and 25 year, in comparison to the no-coordination case.
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| 5. |
- Pericault, Youen, 1992-, et al.
(författare)
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Temperature performance of a heat-traced utilidor for sewer and water pipes in seasonally frozen ground
- 2020
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Ingår i: Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology. - : Elsevier. - 0886-7798 .- 1878-4364. ; 97
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Heat-traced utility corridors (utilidors) can be used in cold regions to install the drinking water and sewer pipes in a shallow trench above the frost depth, thereby limiting excavation needs and the associated economic, social, and environmental costs. Several of these infrastructures were built in the 60s and 70s in Canada, Alaska, Russia, and Norway. More recently, a new type of heat-traced utilidor was built as a pilot project in Kiruna, Sweden to increase the viability of district heating in the area by allowing co-location of all the utility pipes in a shallow trench. Despite several reported cases of undesirably warm drinking water from full-scale projects, previous research efforts on heat-traced utilidors have mainly focused on pipe freeze protection, not on the prevention of excessive temperatures of the drinking water. To ensure comfortable drinking water in terms of taste and smell, an upper temperature limit of 15 °C is usually recommended. The objective of this study was to evaluate the long-term ability of a heat-traced utilidor to maintain sewer temperatures above 0 °C and drinking water temperatures between 0 and 15 °C. Pipe temperatures were measured continuously at two cross sections of a heat-traced utilidor located in Northern Sweden over a period of 22 months. A thermal model, set up and calibrated on the measurements, was used to simulate the impact of extraordinary cold weather conditions on the pipes’ temperatures. The results showed that the utilidor could keep the pipe temperatures within the desired ranges in most cases but that special care should be taken during design to limit drinking water temperatures during the summer.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Andersson-Wikström, Alexandra, et al.
(författare)
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The release of pollutants from roofing materials in laboratory experiments
- 2015
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Diffuse pollution sources have been recognised by the European Water Framework Directive to significantly contribute to pollution of stormwater receivers. Stormwater runoff is considered to represent diffuse pollution sources. The aim of this study was to clarify the contributions of specific sources in the urban environment to the content of organic and inorganic pollutants in stormwater. This was done by conducting laboratory screening tests of several conventional roofing materials and coatings to determine which pollutants they release and how they might contribute to the deterioration of stormwater quality. The studied pollutants include metals (Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, V, Zn) as well as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), phthalates, pesticides, nonylphenols and –ethoxylates. Many of the studied roofing materials, e.g. roofing shingle, a PVC sheet and a bitumen paste for felt roof maintenance, exhibited the potential to release several of these substances into stormwater runoff. However, phthalates were not released from any of the studied materials under the tested conditions. In addition, quite similar materials exhibited rather different substance release profiles.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Blecken, Godecke-Tobias, et al.
(författare)
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Fett i avloppsnät : kartläggning och åtgärdsförslag
- 2010
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Fat oil and grease (FOG) from food preparation can cause severeproblems if it is discharged to the municipal sewer network. A surveyamong Swedish and Norwegian municipalities has shown that nearlyall respondents experience FOG-related problems. The most commonproblem is FOG accumulation connected to the sewer pipes whichdecreases the pipe pipe capacity and may lead to sewer overflows. FOGaccumulation occurs especially at lift stations and depressions. FOGdeposits are often made up of saponised FOG. The fatty acids promotefurthermore corrosion of concrete pipes. FOG can even impact wastewater treatment and might cause severer working conditions.The aim for the water suppliers has thus to be an effective FOGsource control before FOG is discharged to the sewer network. Sourcesare both commercial establishments and residential sewer customers.In this report different source control measures are discussed. Greaseinterceptors are commonly used for commercial FOG sources. However,a number of them lack a grease interceptor and quite often operationand maintenance is deficient. An insufficient frequency ofemptying and a lack of supervision have been identified as a commonproblem. FOG collection systems for commercial FOG producers existin both Sweden and Norway. Collection systems for private householdsare currently in a test phase and experiences from among others Austriaare promising. Even the collected amount of FOG could presumablybe increased. Collected FOG and FOG slurry from interceptors is avaluable resource which can be used as raw material in the chemicalindustry or as an energy source (combustion, biodiesel, fermentation).Threshold values for FOG discharges are set up commonly by municipalities.However, even here supervision is often insufficient. Often, thethreshold values are inadequately low and a value of at least 150 mg/lis recommended. All those measures have to be supported by informationcampaigns which aim on both commercial and private customers.
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| 10. |
- Blecken, Godecke-Tobias, et al.
(författare)
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Laboratory study on stormwater biofiltration : nutrient and sediment removal in cold temperatures
- 2010
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Ingår i: Journal of Hydrology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0022-1694 .- 1879-2707. ; 394:3-4, s. 507-514
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Stormwater biofilters have the ability to remove nutrients from stormwater. Reliable pollutant removal during the cold season is particularly important due to the comparably high contamination levels. However, the removal performance might be negatively affected by low temperatures. A biofilter column study was conducted in thermostat-controlled climate rooms (at 2, 7 and 20 °C) to investigate the effect of low temperatures on nutrient removal. Phosphorus and suspended solids removal were significantly correlated and consistently very high (typically in excess of 90 and 95%, respectively, at all temperatures). This is important for the successful implementation of biofilters in cold climates since phosphorus is commonly of principal concern, often being the limiting factor for eutrophication in freshwater ecosystems. Unfortunately, nitrogen removal was poor and leaching was shown, which increased with temperature. The increasing nitrate-nitrogen production rates with temperature were well described by the Arrhenius relationship with temperature coefficients Q10 in the range which is typically used to describe temperature effects on nitrification. Thus, temperature effects have to be considered when nitrogen removal is targeted and the biofilter might be exposed to cold temperatures.
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