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- Andersen, Oluf, 1941, et al.
(författare)
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Multicentre, randomised, double blind, placebo controlled, phase III study of weekly, low dose, subcutaneous interferon beta-1a in secondary progressive multiple sclerosis
- 2004
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Ingår i: JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY NEUROSURGERY AND PSYCHIATRY. - : BMJ. - 0022-3050 .- 1468-330X. ; 75:5, s. 706-710
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Lindén, Thomas, 1962, et al.
(författare)
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Cognitive impairment and dementia 20 months after stroke.
- 2004
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Ingår i: Neuroepidemiology. - : S. Karger AG. - 0251-5350 .- 1423-0208. ; 23:1-2, s. 45-52
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Dementia is common after stroke, but the dementia syndrome does not cover the whole spectrum of cognitive impairment. Our aim was to quantify and compare dementia and cognitive impairments in elderly patients 1.5 years after stroke and a matched normal population. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: We examined dementia and cognitive impairments in 149 out of an initial total of 243 acute stroke patients after a mean 20 months. Inclusion criteria were age > or =70 years, not living in an institution and no previous cerebral lesion. The patients' mean age was 81 years. Five controls matched by age and gender and fulfilling the same exclusion criteria were selected for each patient (n = 745) from a population-based survey in the same area. Dementia was diagnosed according to the DSM-III-R criteria, and impairments in different dimensions of cognitive function were assessed. RESULTS: The prevalence of dementia was 28% in the stroke patients and 7.4% in the controls (OR 4.7; 95% CI 3.0-7.5). Seventy-two percent of the patients had cognitive impairments compared to 36% in the controls. Cognitive impairments were more common in nondemented stroke patients than in nondemented controls: 61 vs. 31% (OR 3.5; 95% CI 2.3-5.3). The risk increase attributable to stroke was highest for patients below 80 years of age. CONCLUSIONS: Stroke confers an increased risk of dementia and cognitive impairments in the elderly, especially in the younger ones. Apraxia is the most frequent neuropsychiatric impairment after stroke. The concept of dementia does not describe cognitive impairments well, since it underestimates their extent not only after stroke but also in normal ageing.
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| 4. |
- McCaddon, Andrew, et al.
(författare)
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Transcobalamin polymorphism and serum holo-transcobalamin in relation to Alzheimer's disease
- 2004
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Ingår i: Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders. - : S. Karger AG. - 1420-8008 .- 1421-9824. ; 17:3, s. 215-221
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Isoforms of the vitamin B<sub>12</sub> carrier protein transcobalamin (TC) might influence its cellular availability and contribute to the association between disrupted single-carbon metabolism and Alzheimer’s disease (AD). We therefore investigated the relationships between the TC 776C>G (Pro259Arg) genetic polymorphism, total serum cobalamin and holo-TC levels, and disease onset in 70 patients with clinically diagnosed AD and 74 healthy elderly controls. TC 776C>G polymorphism was also determined for 94 histopathologically confirmed AD patients and 107 controls. Serum holo-TC levels were significantly higher in TC 776C homozygotes (p = 0.04). Kaplan-Meier survival functions differed between homozygous genotypes (Cox’s F-Test F(42, 46) = 2.1; p = 0.008) and between 776C homozygotes and heterozygotes (Cox’s F test F(46, 108) = 1.7; p = 0.02). Proportionately fewer TC 776C homozygotes appear to develop AD at any given age, but this will require confirmation in a longitudinal study.
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| 6. |
- Wallin, Åsa, et al.
(författare)
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Five-year outcome of cholinergic treatment of Alzheimer's disease: Early response predicts prolonged time until nursing home placement, but does not alter life expectancy
- 2004
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Ingår i: Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders. - : S. Karger AG. - 1420-8008 .- 1421-9824. ; 18:2, s. 197-206
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Fifty consecutive outpatients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) received treatment with the cholinesterase inhibitor tacrine in an open longitudinal study. Assessments using Mini-Mental State Examination, Alzheimer’s Disease Assessment Scale – cognitive subscale, and a global rating were made at baseline and at 6, 12, 24, 36, 48 and 60 months. Three outcome groups were characterized: responders, unchanged and deteriorated. Additional outcome measures were time until nursing home placement, and mortality rate. At 6 months –75%, at 12 months –42%, at 24 months –20%, and after that 10% of the patients still on medication had improved or remained stable. The mortality rate did not differ between the outcome groups. Response to tacrine treatment at 6 or 12 months was found to predict a prolonged time until nursing home placement. No predictors for a positive treatment response could be identified at baseline.
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| 9. |
- Risberg, Jarl, et al.
(författare)
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A new tomographic technique for absolute measurements of white and gray matter blood flow
- 2004
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 8th Nordic Meeting in Neuropsychology, Turku, Finland, August 26–29, 2004, 85.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective. Most methods for measurements of the regional cerebral blood flow are unable to provide absolute blood flow values. Until now interest has been focused on measurement of the gray matter blood flow, while the white matter blood flow has been rather neglected. The aim of the present project was to develop and evaluate an improved method for reliable tomographic measurements of absolute white and gray matter blood flow Method. The new tomographic method (modified Xe-SPECT) is based on an extension of the period of 133Xe inhalation from one to eight minutes followed by 22 instead of four minutes of breathing of ambient air. This gives a markedly enhanced signal from the white matter and better basis for correct quantification of the blood flow. The arrival and clearance of the tracer are recorded by a three head gamma camera system that provides flow maps with a spatial resolution of about one cm. Results The new method has been evaluated in 33 healthy younger and older (around 70 years) subjects as well as in a group of elderly patients with organic dementia. Our preliminary findings indicate that new and clinically valuable information is obtained by the improved Xe-SPECT method.
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| 10. |
- Eklund, Mona, et al.
(författare)
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The influence of temperament and character on functioning and aspects of psychological health among people with schizophrenia
- 2004
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Ingår i: European psychiatry. - : Elsevier Masson SAS. - 0924-9338 .- 1778-3585. ; 19:1, s. 34-41
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Research findings that link personality factors to functioning and symptoms in schizophrenia are inconsistent, and further studies are needed within the area. The purpose of this study was to investigate how personality, as measured by the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI), was related to demographic factors, subtypes of diagnoses, level of functioning, and aspects of psychological health, including sense of coherence, perceived control, and self-esteem, among people with schizophrenia. Subjects were 104 individuals, aged 20-55 years, in psychiatric outpatient care. The results indicated that personality was not related to subtypes of diagnoses or demographic characteristics of the respondents, but to level of functioning and all aspects of psychological health. Especially self-directedness distinguished three groups of functioning and was highly correlated with the different aspects of psychological health. The article discusses how knowledge of schizophrenic patients' personality structure might be used for tailoring psychiatric treatments. (C) 2003 Elsevier SAS. All rights reserved.
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