| 11. |
- Johnell, Olof, et al.
(författare)
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Lower limb fractures and registration for alcoholism
- 1985
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Social Medicine. - 0300-8037. ; 13:3, s. 95-97
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- During two consecutive years 607 individuals with lower limb fractures were diagnosed. Half of the individuals, 315, were women and only 14 of them had an earlier registration for alcoholism. In the 292 men, however, 73 men or 25%, had been registered at the Department of Alcohol Diseases at least once during the 13 years of observation, the highest registration frequency (30%) was noted in the malleolar fractures in men. In males, 30-50 years of age, there were 37 per cent who had a registration for alcoholism, the highest registration (44%) was noted for fracture of the tibial diaphysis. Males with fracture of the proximal end of the femur between 16-80 years of age were registered for alcoholism in 23%.
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| 12. |
- Svensson, Henry, et al.
(författare)
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Laser Doppler flowmetry during hyperaemic reactions in the skin
- 1988
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Ingår i: International journal of microcirculation, clinical and experimental. - 0167-6865. ; 7:1, s. 87-96
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF) was used to study skin blood flow in the finger tip and on the dorsum of the hand in healthy volunteers. Vasodilatation in the finger tip was induced by immersing the arm in water at 42 degrees C, and vasodilatation in the dorsum of the hand by intracutaneous injection of dihydralazine. Simultaneous measurements were performed using venous occlusion plethysmography (finger tip) and 133Xe clearance (dorsum of hand). Three output signals from the laser Doppler flowmeter were recorded. The LDFPf-1 value is linearly related to the blood flow, provided the concentration of blood cells in the scattering volume is low. The LDFPf-2 value is generated by a signal processor designed to give linearity even at higher concentrations of moving blood cells (CMBC), the latter quantity being reflected by the CMBC value. During vasodilatation by immersion, all laser Doppler values from the finger tip increased but less than the total finger blood flow as measured using venous occlusion plethysmography. Intracutaneous injection of dihydralazine in the dorsum of the hand caused markedly increased CMBC values and the increase in LDFPf-2 was significantly greater than that of LDFPf-1. The increase in 133Xe clearance was less pronounced. The results indicate that capillary blood flow as well as blood flow in vessels below the capillary level contribute to the Doppler signal. However, flow through the arteriovenous shunts in the finger tip seems to be only partially registered by the laser Doppler technique. The higher the CMBC value, the more obvious is the difference between LDFPf-1 and LDFPf-2 values. When using laser Doppler flowmetry, the addition of CMBC value registration may be helpful in clarifying changes in microvascular blood flow.
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| 13. |
- Ekberg, Lars, et al.
(författare)
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What margins should be added to the clinical target volume in radiotherapy treatment planning for lung cancer?
- 1988
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Ingår i: Radiotherapy and Oncology. - 1879-0887. ; 48:1, s. 71-77
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: The planning target volume in radiotherapy treatment planning takes into account both movements of the clinical target volume (CTV) and set-up deviations. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A group of patients who received radiotherapy for lung cancer were studied. In order to measure the CTV movements due to respiration and other internal organ motions, fluoroscopy was performed for 20 patients. To study the accuracy and reproducibility of patient and beam set-up, 553 electronic portal images from 20 patients were evaluated. Discrepancies between planned and actual field positions were measured and the systematic and random errors were identified. The combined effect of these geometrical variations was evaluated. RESULTS: The average CTV movement with quiet respiration was about 2.4 mm in the medio-lateral and dorso-ventral directions. Movement in the cranio-caudal direction was on average 3.9 mm with a range of 0-12 mm. The systematic set-up errors were on average 2.0 mm in the transversal plane and 3.0 mm in the cranio-caudal direction. The random errors can be described by their standard deviations of 3.2 and 2.6 mm. In this study, the combined effect of the two parameters (CTV movement and set-up deviations) varied between 7.5 and 10.3 mm in different anatomical directions. CONCLUSIONS: In our daily clinical routine, we use a margin of 11 mm in the transversal plane and 15 mm cranially and caudally, also taking into account other unquantified variations and uncertainties.
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| 14. |
- Geborek, Pierre, et al.
(författare)
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Measurement of oxygen and carbon dioxide partial pressures in synovial fluid after tonometry
- 1988
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Ingår i: Clinical Physiology. - 1365-2281. ; 8:4, s. 427-432
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A commercially available gas analyser was used to measure tension of oxygen (PO2) and carbon dioxide (PCO2) in synovial fluid samples after tonometry. Measured values of PCO2 were close to the expected (median difference 0.2 kPa, range -0.4 to 0.4) within the analysed concentration range of 4-10 kPa. No consistent difference between measured and expected values of PO2 were found for oxygen in the range 3-11 kPa (median difference 0.1 kPa, range -0.3 to 1.2). For oxygen tensions below 3 kPa, however, the measured values invariably overestimated the actual PO2, the errors ranging from 0.3 to 1.9 kPa, median 1.1. The importance of proper handling of samples was investigated and storage for 1 h at 0 degrees C in plastic syringes resulted in elevation of the PO2 levels measured (range of elevation 0.2 to 3.6 kPa, median 1.15), whilst no significant differences were found when stored in glass syringes. Within the limits stated, commercially available gas analysers may thus be used to investigate these parameters related to local tissue metabolism in effusive joint conditions.
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| 15. |
- Kjellén, Elisabeth, et al.
(författare)
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Comparison of low dose nicotinamide versus benzamide, administered per os, as radiosensitizers in a C3H mammary carcinoma
- 1988
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Ingår i: Radiotherapy and Oncology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1879-0887 .- 0167-8140. ; 12:4, s. 327-331
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We have evaluated if any differences in tumor radiosensitization exist between the two adenosine diphosphate ribosyl transferase (ADPRT) inhibitors nicotinamide and benzamide at fractionated low doses. A significant radiosensitizing effect with nicotinamide at a 10 mg/kg per day dose was found in the tumor model used. We found, however, no radiosensitizing effect with benzamide given according to this schedule.
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| 16. |
- Kjellén, Elisabeth, et al.
(författare)
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Effect of hyperthermia and/or nicotinamide on the radiation response of a C3H mammary carcinoma
- 1989
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Ingår i: European journal of cancer & clinical oncology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0277-5379. ; 25:12, s. 1733-1737
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The effect of hyperthermia and/or nicotinamide (200 mg/kg of body weight) on the tumour growth delay induced by radiation was evaluated in a C3H mouse mammary adenocarcinoma. The study showed a radiosensitizing effect of hyperthermia and of nicotinamide but the combination of all three modalitites showed no increased tumor growth delay compared to hyperthermia and radiation alone. The tumour growth delay induced by hyperthermia was not modified by nicotinamide.
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| 17. |
- Lindholm, Clas-Ebbe, et al.
(författare)
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Microwave-induced hyperthermia and radiotherapy in human superficial tumours: clinical results with a comparative study of combined treatment versus radiotherapy alone
- 1987
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Ingår i: International Journal of Hyperthermia. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0265-6736 .- 1464-5157. ; 3:5, s. 393-411
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Eighty-five evaluable superficial recurrent malignant tumours, mainly adenocarcinomas (78 per cent), in 38 patients were treated with either combined local hyperthermia (41-45 degrees C for four sessions) and low dose radiotherapy (30.0 Gy) or the same low dose radiotherapy alone. The treatment was given for two weeks. Hyperthermia was induced externally with 2450 MHz or 915 MHz microwaves. Totally 57 tumours were given combined treatment with a complete and partial response rate of 46 and 30 per cent, respectively (duration 1-38 months). In 18 patients with 2-10 superficial tumours each, 56 tumours were used in a comparative study, comparing the effect of combined hyperthermia and low dose radiotherapy versus the same low dose radiotherapy alone, the patients acting as their own controls. The total response rates were 89 and 50 per cent, respectively, in the two treatment modality groups. The difference in response rates is significant (p = 0.0039) in favour of the combined treatment, and this is also found when comparing complete remissions only (p = 0.0027). Local pain and normal tissue reactions presented problems during and after 2450 MHz microwave-induced hyperthermia treatment, performed without a coupling water bag system. Introduction of 915 MHz microwave-induced hyperthermia with a coupling deionized water bag system and refinement of microwave applicators, as well as the temperature control system considerably reduced these problems.
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| 18. |
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| 19. |
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| 20. |
- Bohgard, Mats, et al.
(författare)
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Characterizations of Radon Daughters in Indoor Air
- 1989
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Ingår i: Proceedings of Contribution to the symposium of the Nordic Society for Aerosol Research, Copenhagen, 1989.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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