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- Keshavarz, Mahmoud, et al.
(författare)
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Targeted by Persuasion : Military uniforms and the legal matter of killing in war
- 2019
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Ingår i: Law Text Culture. - Wollongong, NSW : Legal Intersections Research Centre. - 1322-9060. ; 23, s. 223-239
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper, we argue that the legitimation of killing in war is not simply formed by adherence to certainlegal requirements that exist apart from and prior to war; instead, we suggest, the law of armed conflict initself cannot but operate through admitting certain materials onto the battlefield as distinctively legalmaterials. Using the theory of legal materiality, we show that the military uniform is a legal material thatmakes the legal matter of legitimate targeting intelligible to law. This process happens through the waysin which the uniform shapes the possibility of visual recognition and differentiation in order to makecertain bodies targetable and others not targetable. We refer to this visual recognition and differentiationas a domain of persuasion. We show that the historical, functional and visual attributes of the uniform, asa design artefact, produce a convincing domain of distinction for the attacking agent. Finally, we turn toinsurgency, arguing that the legal matter of targeting is shaped not only by the presence, use andmanipulation of this legal material but also by the absence of it.
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- Parsa, Amin, et al.
(författare)
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Logistics of Participation in International Law
- 2019
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Ingår i: Backstage Practices of Transnational Law. - Abingdon : Routledge. - 9780367086572
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This chapter explores logistics of participation as a backstage practice of international law’s knowledge production. For its purpose logistics of participation refers to material conditions of possibility of part taking. Taking essay as its form this chapter ties together seemingly dispersed threads in order to reveal how and through what practices scholars of the South are overburdened to participate and as the result the western academia retains its hegemonic presence in knowledge production of international law. The main focus of this chapter is the global visa regime as the most materially tangible technology of impeding the participation of scholars of the South in the scholarly events of international law. It will be argued that the visa regime, alongside other factors, determines the composition of international law events, limits diversity of expressions and experiences and subsequently shape international law by delimiting the scoop of the thinkable in this academic discipline.
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- Irion, Kristina, et al.
(författare)
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The independence of media regulatory authorities in Europe
- 2019
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This IRIS Special focuses on the independence of regulatory authorities and bodies in the broadcasting and audiovisual media sector in Europe. These entities have proliferated according to the different legal traditions of the respective countries they belong to. They do not, therefore, conform one, single model. Nonetheless, they reflect a common approach of sorts with regard to the institutional set-up of regulatory governance. The independence of these entities is particularly important because it contributes to the broader objective of media independence, which is in itself an essential component of democracy.The creation, status and functioning of these regulatory authorities and bodies were shaped pursuant to the constitutional requirements and/or administrative practices of the countries that established them. As a result, each has distinct characteristics and levels of independence that differ according to where they are located. But when is an authority to be considered independent? The measurement of an entity's independence requires careful analysis of the legal texts setting it up, but also of the practices that are rooted in reality and reflect the sensitivities of the societies in question.This IRIS Special aims to enlighten the reader on the definition of the independence of a regulatory authority or body, on the criteria used to assess its independence, and on the legal framework embodying this independence at the European level, as well as provide analysis of the status and functioning of regulatory authorities and bodies in a selection of nine European countries: Bosnia and Herzegovina, Spain, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, the Netherlands, Poland, Sweden, and Slovenia. This sample reflects the different levels of independence that can be found across Europe. © European Audiovisual Observatory (Council of Europe), Strasbourg, September 2019
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