| 1. |
- Bergius, My, et al.
(författare)
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Are judges influenced by legally irrelevant circumstances?
- 2020
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Ingår i: Law, Probability and Risk. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1470-8396 .- 1470-840X. ; 19:2, s. 157-164
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Judges should not be influenced by legally irrelevant circumstances in their legal decision making and judges generally believe that they manage legally irrelevant circumstances well. The purpose of this experimental study was to investigate whether this self-image is correct. Swedish judges (N = 256) read a vignette depicting a case of libel, where a female student had claimed on her blog that she had been sexually harassed by a named male professor. The professor had sued the student for libel and the student retracted her claim during the hearing. Half of the judges received irrelevant information - that the professor himself had been convicted of libel a year earlier, while the other half did not receive this information. For the outcome variable, the judges were asked to state how much compensation the student should pay the professor. Those judges who received information about the professor himself having been convicted of libel stated that he should be given significantly less compensation than those who did not receive the irrelevant information. The results show that the judges’ decision was affected by legally irrelevant circumstances. Implications for research and practice are discussed
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| 2. |
- Björkdahl, Annika, et al.
(författare)
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Gender and transitional justice
- 2020. - 2
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Ingår i: An Introduction to Transitional Justice. - Abingdon : Taylor & Francis. - 9781003021414 - 9780367532758 - 9780367893668
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This chapter focuses on three gendered justice gaps–the accountability, acknowledgement and reparations gaps–and unmask transitional justice as a site for the long-term construction of a gendered post-conflict order. It begins by defining and conceptualising the role of gender analysis in transitional justice, followed by a brief historical overview of the policy and practice accomplishments and shortcomings so far. The permanent International Criminal Court with a seat in The Hague has built upon the work of the two ad hoc tribunals. The treaty that established the court and governs it, the Rome Statute, refers to gender-based violence as a possible war crime. On a theoretical level a great number of questions remain unresolved and it is pertinent to problematise some of the assumptions and outcomes of research so far. Transitional justice practices aim to right wrongs in the past, institutionalise the rule of law and new juridical and normative frameworks, as well as prevent the recurrence of violence and future harms.
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| 3. |
- Cartier, Emmanuel, et al.
(författare)
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Contemporary challenges facing Parliament : Mutations in time, representativeness, transparency and accountability
- 2020
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Parliaments, which are the pillars of democracy, face many challenges to which they have to adapt. In this report the authors focus on some of these challenges.Emmanuel Cartier analyses the impact of the phenomenon of the acceleration of time on the Parliament’s three functions: legislation, government oversight and scrutiny as well as the represention of society. The analysis is conducted comparatively and includes the Parliament of five European countries and the European Parliament.Patricia Jonason examines the challenges facing Parliament in terms of representativity, transparency and accountability of elected officials. The analysis focuses on the rules and mechanisms concerning the Swedish Riksdag and on the European standards.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Deland, Mats
(författare)
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Fall kopplade till händelser under andra världskriget
- 2020. - 1
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Ingår i: Lagföring i Sverige av internationella brott. - Stockholm : Jure. - 9789172237902 ; , s. 27-34
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Exempel på hur utvisning och utlämning av krigsförbrytare hanterades av Sverige omkring andra världskriget, med exempel från de nordiska länderna, Polen, Västtyskland och Jugoslavien.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Freire Santoro, Paula, et al.
(författare)
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Intersectionality of Transit Safety
- 2020. - 1
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Ingår i: Transit Crime and Sexual Violence in Cities. - New York : Routledge. - 9780367258627 - 9780429290244
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 8. |
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Human-Centred AI in the EU : Trustworthiness as a strategic priority in the European Member States
- 2020
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The European approach to artificial intelligence (AI) points to ethical considerations, human control and trustworthiness as its core tenets. But how clearly is this approach reflected in the Member States’ strategies?This anthology analyses to what extent the notions of ethical and trustworthy AI, presented by the High-Level Expert Group on Artificial Intelligence and the European Commission, have influenced AI strategies in Portugal, The Netherlands, Italy, the Czech Republic, Poland, Norway as well as the Nordics overall.It is clear that the EU-level policies have had an impact on the national level strategies, although sometimes only to the extent that they were published before the national documents. For instance, while some countries, such as Norway and Portugal, have explicitly incorporated aspects from the Ethics Guidelines, others, such as the Nordics, already tended to include questions of trust and transparency, or on ethics as in the case of Poland.The EU has emphasised AI trustworthiness as both an ethical imperative and competitive advantage. However, implementation is still at the starting line: much depends on alignment between this diverse group of nations, with different priorities, within the single market.
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