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| 2. |
- Skoglundh, Magnus, 1965, et al.
(författare)
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Combinations of platinum and palladium on alumina supports as oxidation catalysts
- 1991
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Ingår i: Applied Catalysis. - 0166-9834 .- 1873-3867. ; 77:1, s. 9-20
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The effects of the total content of Pd+Pt, the mol-% ratio of Pd to Pt, hydrothermal treatment of the catalyst wash-coat, and the oxygen concentration on the light-off temperature, T50, for the complete oxidation of xylene isomers, propene, and carbon monoxide were studied. The alumina wash-coats were thermally treated at 500°C for 2 h in air or after the thermal treatment, hydrothermslly treated at 814°C for 2 h in 100-% steam. The catalysts were impregnated with 5, 10, and 20 micromol of Pd+Pt per gram of catalyst. The mol-% ratio of Pd to Pt was varied in the range from 0:100 to 100:O. The light-off temperatures had a minimum at a Pd:Pt mol-% ratio of 80:20, and decreased with increasing total metals concentration, increasing oxygen concentration and hydrothermal treatment of the alumina wash-coat.
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| 4. |
- Eklund, Patrik, 1958-, et al.
(författare)
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Diagnosis of nephropathia epidemica by adaptation through Lukasiewicz inference
- 1990
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Ingår i: Computational Intelligence, III. - Amsterdam, The Netherlands : Elsevier. - 0444891188 ; , s. 237-246
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper describes a method how to arrive at a medical expert system (as a knowledge based system) to support physicians in classifying patients in diagnosis of Nephropathia epidemica (NE). We thereby present a link between Lukasiewicz inference and learning in neural nets, as a formal connection between uncertainty in logical implication and synaptic weights. The system presented uses clinical findings and laboratory investigations to arrive at predictions whether or not patients suffer from NE. Although we are willing to call our system a medical expert system, it could equally well be called a decision support system, this being more in spirit to what such a system really offers a physician.
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| 6. |
- Palmqvist, Eva, et al.
(författare)
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Development of a simple detector for microbial metabolism, based on a polypyrrole dc resistometric device
- 1994
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Ingår i: Biosensors and Bioelectronics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0956-5663. ; 9:8, s. 551-556
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A simple device for the detection of metabolic effects was constructed based on a conducting polymer (polypyrrole) coated with an agarose layer containing immobilised yeast cells. A galvanostatic potentiometric method was used to measure the resistance of the sensor, thus minimising interferences from fluctuations in solution conductivity. The resulting biosensor was used as a simple indicator of yeast metabolism. It responded within 20 minutes to increases in the glucose concentration by decreased resistance (40% per 5 g/l). When the metabolism was inhibited by a toxic substance the response disappeared. The device could be reconditioned by washing off the agarose/cell layer with hot water, followed by the application of a new agarose layer with fresh cells. Because the manufacture of the device is simple and the measuring principle is uncomplicated, it is specially suited for mass production for quick field tests.
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| 8. |
- Åmand, Lars-Erik, 1957, et al.
(författare)
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Influence of Fuel on the Emission of Nitrogen Oxides (NO and N2O) from and 8-MW Fluidized bed Boiler
- 1991
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Ingår i: Combustion and Flame. - 1556-2921 .- 0010-2180. ; 84:1 and 2, s. 181-196
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Emissions of nitric oxide (NO) and nitrous oxide (N20) from an 8-MW circulating fluidized bed boiler have been measured. The influence of the volatile content of the fuel was investigated by using three different fuels and operating the boiler at different bed temperatures, primary air stoichiometries, and excess air ratios. The measurements show that the emissions of NO are extremely low and dependent upon the char loading of the boiler as well as on the existence of unburned combustible matter such as CO and H2 in the gas phase. The char content and CO levels are influenced by the fuel, the bed temperature, and the air-to-fuel ratio in the combustion chamber. The levels of N20 emission are high and caused by the low temperatures used in fluidized beds. The N20 emission is influenced by bed temperature and oxygen concentration as well, but the influence of bed temperature is opposite compared to the dependence of bed temperature on the NO emission.
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| 10. |
- Ackeskog, Hans, et al.
(författare)
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An investigation of fluidized-bed scaling: heat transfer measurements in a pressurized fluidized-bed combustor and a cold model bed
- 1993
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Ingår i: Chemical Engineering Science. - 0009-2509. ; 48:8, s. 1459-1473
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A method is proposed for predicting heat transfer coefficients in hot fluidized-bed combustors by translating results measured in a scaled-down, cold model bed. Provided the beds are scaled to hydrodynamic similarity, local heat transfer coefficients measured in the cold model bed can be translated into local hot-bed convective coefficients with the aid of existing correlations for the gas and particle convective components. To obtain the total hot-bed-to-surface coefficients, a radiative component is then added. The chief advantages of the proposed method are that existing convective heat transfer correlations can be applied locally in a bed, and that no a priori knowledge of the voidage close to the transfer surface is required. In a previous paper by Almstedt and Zakkay, measurements of the bubble activity in a pressurized fluidized-bed burning coal and in a scaled-down pressurized model bed operating at room temperature showed that a good hydrodynamic similarity can be obtained between the beds. The heat transfer translation method proposed here has been validated by comparing heat transfer coefficients measured in the same two beds, operating under scaled conditions. Average heat transfer coefficients for four different horizontal tube bundles, as well as local coefficients measured with probes in four different positions were compared. The results indicate good agreement between the hot-bed results measured and the results translated from the model bed measurements employing the proposed method. Furthermore, the present paper presents heat transfer measurements from the cold model bed for three different bed materials, at pressures of 0.1, 0.24 and 0.5 MPa and fluidization velocities ranging from 0.15 to 1.3 m/s. The results are in good accordance with existing theory, but indicate that the gas convective component (as well as the particle convective component) is significantly dependent on the fluidization velocity.
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