| 1. |
- Dymitrow, Mirek, et al.
(författare)
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Crossing dichotomies and breaking mental patterns: Green business development when all else fails?
- 2017
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Ingår i: 8th International Scientific Conference “Rural Development 2017: Bioeconomy Challenges”, 23–24 November, 2017 Kaunas, Lithuania.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Obtaining sustainable and inclusive societal organization is not merely a simple matter of ‘doing it’ by subscribing to some winning formula. Given that conceptual frameworks always guide our thoughts, judgments and actions (Latour, 2013; Harvey, 1996; Dennett, 1993), the ways in which we relate to concepts chosen to serve as guiding forces for future development will eventually determine its outcome. As scholarly evidence continuously suggests the concepts ‘rural’ and ‘urban’ are increasingly recognized as artificial barriers for conducting sound and integrated development endeavors in a globalized reality of interconnectedness. In line with the Sustainable Development Goals, which aim to eradicate poverty, shield the planet and safeguard prosperity for all, commitment to universal access to healthy food year round has become an important agenda point. This, however, has been exacerbated by binary thinking and separate ways of doing policy. This paper aims to share experiences from a unique project launched in the northern parts of Gothenburg, Sweden’s second largest city. While the area offers ample resources and immense opportunities for areal economies, it at the same time remains one of Gothenburg’s most segregated, with high levels of unemployment, ill health and crime. The uniqueness of the project lies not only in its way of abridging the rural-urban divide, but also by consciously deferring from the debilitating rhetoric of previous ‘immigrant policies’, and instead focusing on agricultural productivity, small-scale food producers and sustainable food strategies. Such exhortations to bridge between philosophical and material polarities, however, have not come without conceptual and practical challenges, something this paper aims to subsume and open up to debate.
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| 2. |
- Roupé, Mattias, 1975, et al.
(författare)
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Immersive visualization of Building Information Models
- 2016
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Ingår i: Living Systems and Micro-Utopias: Towards Continuous Designing, Proceedings of the 21st International Conference of the Association for Computer-Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia (CAADRIA 2016). - 9789881902672 ; , s. 673-682
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The design process of a building often involves many different actors and people with different experiences, level of knowledge and ability to interpret information. The most common information media in these processes are 2D-drawings, documents and 3D images of design. These media can be difficult to interpret and understand and could cause communication difficulties and design errors. However, in this context, Building Information Modelling (BIM) and Virtual Reality (VR) have been shown to offer an efficient communication platform. In this paper we present and evaluate a portable immersive visualization system that uses the BIMs directly from the design tools. The system is validated in a real construction project, where the dif-ferent disciplines in the design process used the system. The result was collected through interviews and observation during usage of the system. All the participants expressed that this type of visual interface helped them to get another level of understanding and perception of space, which lead to better decision-making process and resolving of design issues.
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| 3. |
- Estévez Mauriz, Laura, 1982
(författare)
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The urban form and the sound environment - Tools and approaches
- 2017
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Cities are always confronted with transition and adaptation. Awareness on urban environmental quality is leading the vision about the built environment’s resilience and sustainability, highlighting the importance of a multidisciplinary framework for urbanisation processes. One of the main concerns is the negative impact of outdoor noise due to road traffic, whereby controlling the sound environment through good quality spatial production is a priority. Europe and other parts of the world are experiencing a chronic traffic congestion problem. The environmental impact of this situation is overwhelming, where 90 % of the health impact due to noise exposure is estimated to be caused by road traffic noise. In this regard, noise maps are seen as a powerful tool in the development of new urban areas, where its noise level underestimation can endanger the wellbeing of citizens. At this rapid urbanisation, divided pronouncements on decision-making are devastating. The aim is to overcome negative aspects derived from a late intervention by including urban sound planning as an opportunity to the user’s experience and wellbeing, avoiding poor patches in the urban configuration and economical burden. The present work is committed to the development of tools for controlling, communicating and designing the sound environment on a level beyond today’s solutions, capable to be included at the early stages of the planning process. First, the study goes through the importance of the quiet side and the implementation of an engineering method as a powerful tool in the urban development, obtaining accurate results compared to measurements. In an attempt to study time variations of traffic within cities and its relevance regarding noise emission (normally overlooked in current noise mapping calculations), a microscopic road traffic modelling tool is developed in the second study, giving useful output for noise level predictions as function of time. The time-pattern analysis opens the possibility to test traffic configurations and explore a large variety of results in the form of descriptors as statistical indicators, calm periods and noise events, and outcomes as difference maps and contribution maps. The third study extends toward the evaluation of the effects of spatial heterogeneity (considered a key strategy to increase the liveability of spaces) on the environmental performance and resilience capacity of the transportation system through the study of noise pollution and its economic impact. The studies presented are using real case scenarios as a test-bed not only for implementation, but mainly for the development of tools.
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| 4. |
- Adam, Abderisak, 1988, et al.
(författare)
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Approaches to Safeguarding Sustainability Requirements in Public Construction Projects – the Client’s Perspective
- 2016
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Ingår i: CIB World Building Congress 2016.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In recent years, the concept of sustainability has penetrated much of modern political, social and industrial discourse. Its recent popularization, stemming from the Brundtland report of 1987, has led to sustainability becoming a household term in nearly every industry, of which the construction sector is no exception. Considering the importance that sustainability has in the construction industry, and how it is particularly emphasized in construction financed by public funds, questions need to be raised in terms how capable the construction client is in meeting and achieving the sustainability requirements, often set by politics, that exist whilst safeguarding project delivery. The study is based on four interviews targeting public clients in Sweden and it investigates how sustainability requirements are managed in large public construction projects. What is of particular interest is the degree to which public client organizations either develop or procure systems/staff to ensure that the criteria for social, environmental and cultural sustainability are maintained and that the consequences of different approaches are managed. The results support the idea of having a multifaceted approach to sustainable construction, arguing that terms such as social and cultural sustainability may instead be dealt with separately from the more strictly defined sustainability terms of toxicity, waste and energy consumption. There is also a suggestion that once the client organization begins incorporating a sustainability mind-set in all of its affairs, members of that organization may begin working with sustainability on a perfunctory basis without necessarily understanding the underlying reasons for their actions. Finally, the challenge with sustainability is perhaps not so much that there is a lack of capability as much as there is a lack of resources for working with sustainability.
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| 5. |
- Nielsen, Stig Anton, 1981
(författare)
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Propositional architecture and the paradox of prediction
- 2015
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Ingår i: Archidoct Vol. 4. - 2309-0103. ; 4, s. 72-85
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- What if we could predict trends, rising phenomena and future necessity in our build environment? If we could trace behaviors and forecast the needs for the future? If we had a tool for proposing architecture, that was able to point out potentialities and suggest additions, subtractions and modifications.If Architects had a tool to predict future demands, modification of the build environment could meet the changing behaviors and emerging phenomena in society. Research on existing building stock is reviewed in a context where prediction on complex indeterminate environments is possible. And an entirely new type of architectural tool is proposed, an algorithm for prediction.The algorithm, capable of making prediction in unstructured environments, is presented, and basis and idea of the algorithm is described in detail. The discussion focus on possible applications for this new tool, and the paradox of prediction is debated. Finally, improvements to the computational system are proposed.
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| 6. |
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Capacity Building for Religious Heritage Conservation and Management. Vocational Learning Tools and Methods of the ALTERheritage Project
- 2015
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- There are numerous European players that are developing methods, guidelines and tools for subtle and complex conservation and management of religious heritage, designed to build the capacity of the relevant professionals. They are being launched locally and nationally, but are often challenged to reach European impact. This document is intended to help all those looking to develop their capacity to man- age religious heritage. It gives an introduction to the ALTERheritage project activities and outcomes and to the toolkits presented by each partner. You will find basic infor- mation in the information-boxes, please contact FRH or any of the partners directly for more details.
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| 7. |
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Gamlestaden. Strukturella förändringar och kulturarvsprocesser - en fallstudie.
- 2015
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Stora strukturförändringar i samhället får genomgripande betydelse för kulturarvet- hur vi ser på det och hur vi använder det. Gamlestaden i Göteborg visar på många sätt på industrisamhällets uppgång och fall i Göteborg. Det var här SKF - Svenska kullagerfabriken - etablerades och utvecklades till ett internationellt storföretag. Idag sker dock den industriella utvecklingen på andra platser, och Gamlestaden har samtidigt gått från att ha varit en plats i stadens periferi, till en attraktiv och centralt belägen knutpunkt som skapat nya utvecklingskrafter. I Gamlestaden möts nu allt: ett virrvarr av tågräls för regionala persontransporter och farligt gods, en hop spårvägar och bussar till och från Göteborgs bosättningar i nordöstra periferin, sjöfart på landets största flod Göta älv, en planerad tunnel under älven som förbinder den norra motorledsutfarten med den östra, bostäder, industri och kontor, människor med olika vanor och ursprung. De olika kapitlen i antologin pekar på behov av nya angreppssätt och metoder i samhällets kulturmiljöarbete. Genom att fokusera olika perspektiv på Gamlestadens särdrag och egenskaper, hur dessa kan beskrivas och karaktäriseras vill författarna visa att det som kallas för kulturarv inte är en gång för alla givet, utan behöver omprövas och diskuteras inför varje större stadsförändring.
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| 8. |
- Nik, Vahid M., et al.
(författare)
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Using Typical and Extreme Weather Files for Impact Assessment of Climate Change on Buildings
- 2017
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Ingår i: Energy Procedia. - : Elsevier BV. - 1876-6102. ; 132, s. 616-621
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Considering climate change and assessing its impacts is challenging due to dealing with large data sets and uncertainties. This paper discusses an approach for the impact assessment of climate change based on synthesizing weather data sets out of several climate scenarios, in a way to generalize the assessment despite of the existence of climate uncertainties. The is based on creating one-year weather data, representing typical, extreme-warm and -cold conditions for 30-year periods, which results in decreasing the length of simulations enormously. The usefulness and accuracy of the results are discussed for energy and moisture simulations in buildings.
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| 9. |
- Ylmen, Peter, et al.
(författare)
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The influence of secondary effects on global warming and cost optimization of insulation in the building envelope
- 2017
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Ingår i: Building and Environment. - : Elsevier BV. - 0360-1323 .- 1873-684X. ; 118, s. 174-183
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The relative environmental impact from the building construction phase is increasing compared to the operation phase for new buildings. Therefore, it is important to consider the complete environmental life cycle of energy improvement measures. Many advanced optimization methods have been developed in recent years to assess building life cycle impact. However, these previous studies have not fully addressed the secondary effects, in other words, indirect effects outside the actual design option. This may lead to conclusions of optimization studies based on misleading calculation results. The main purpose this study was to highlight the relevance of including secondary effects in optimization of building design with respect to global warming potential and cost. This was done by conducting a parameter study of the building envelope insulation thickness with regard to global warming potential and life cycle costs, while considering secondary effects induced by the different design options. Findings from this study show that secondary effects influence the system boundary, algorithm architecture, results and the final conclusions of optimal building design. Omitting secondary effects can thus lead to incorrect decision on optimal solutions with regard to global warming potential and life cycle cost. Therefore, it is therefore important to take them into consideration when performing optimization studies of building design options.
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| 10. |
- Adl-Zarrabi, Bijan, 1959, et al.
(författare)
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Superisoleringsmaterial i byggnader: Rekommendationer från IEA EBC Annex 65
- 2017
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- En betydande minskning av energianvändningen per capita kan uppnås genom en kombination av effektivare värme-, ventilations- och kylsystem samt förbättrad termisk prestanda av byggnadens klimatskal. Energibesparingspotentialen har uppskattats vara nära energiförbrukningen inom transportsektorn. Den nuvarande utmaningen är att göra denna potential till en verklighet. I de flesta industrialiserade länder kommer nya byggnader stå för mellan 10 % och 20 % ökning av energianvändningen för uppvärmning till 2050. Samtidigt står det befintliga byggnadsbeståndet för 80 % av sektorns energianvändning. Renovering av byggnader har därför hög prioritet i många länder. Högpresterande isoleringsmaterial (superisoleringsmaterial, SIM) kan i hög grad bidra till att lösa denna utmaning om tillförlitlig data (egenskaper och hållbarhet) och säkra implementerings-tekniker tillhandahålls genom hela leverantörskedja (designers, ingenjörer och byggare). EBC (Energy i Buildings and Communities) är ett program under IEA (International Energy Agency) för att möjliggöra forsknings- och utvecklingssamarbete mellan de 24 medlemsländerna. Annex 65 ”Long-Term Performance of Super-Insulating Materials in Building Components & Systems” är ett projekt under EBC. Syftet är att samla och analysera tillgänglig information om högpresterande isolerings-material för att: · synliggöra ett decennium av utvecklingsarbete för applikationer inom byggsektorn, · utveckla experimentella och numeriska verktyg för att tillhandahålla tillförlitliga data (egenskaper och hållbarhet) för slutanvändarna av SIM, · skriva riktlinjer för säker installation, · stödja standardiserings- och bedömningsförfaranden, · förbättra kunskapen och förtroendet hos användaren med hänsyn till hållbarhetsfrågor. Resultaten av projekten kommer att publiceras under 2018. Denna rapport sammanfattar den mer omfattande huvudrapporten till IEA EBC programmet. Bland slutsatserna kan nämnas att värmeledningsförmågan hos SIM är mellan 2–5 gånger lägre än för konventionella isoleringsmaterial som vanligtvis har en värmeledningsförmåga på 0,028-0,032 W/(m·K). Detta betyder att värmeförluster genom byggnadens klimatskal kan reduceras med mellan 50–80 % om tjockleken på SIM är i samma storleksordning som de konventionella isoleringsmaterialen. Teoretiska överväganden och första praktiska tester visade att vakuumisoleringspaneler (VIP), särskilt de med kiseldioxidkärna, förväntas uppfylla kraven på hållbarhet vid byggnadstillämpningar i mer än 50 år. Både VIP och Avancerade porösa isoleringsmaterial (APM) har framgångsrikt installerats under de senaste 15 åren i byggnader. Mätningar och erfarenhet från praktiska tillämpningar sträcker sig emellertid upp till 15 år för VIP och mindre för APM.
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