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- Nilsson, Manuela, 1961-
(författare)
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Éxitos y fracasos de reformas policiales en el mundo contemporáneo : Successes and failures of police reforms
- 2023
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Annan publikation (refereegranskat)abstract
- Tras décadas de reformas policiales en todo el mundo, no existe una fórmula general de lo que funciona y lo que noen dichos procesos. Basado en una revisión de diversas investigaciones, este policy brief describe los desafíos de unareforma policial, particularmente en países que emergen de un conflicto armado, donde la policía debe transitar de sumilitarización a ser una policía democrática. La mayoría de esfuerzos de reforma en el mundo han tenido resultadosambivalentes, con pocas experiencias verdaderamente exitosas, tanto por factores de la reforma como por factoresexternos. Se subraya la importancia de una mejor cooperación entre los actores internacionales y las autoridades locales,así como un fuerte apoyo estatal, una separación clara entre tareas militares y policiales, y un control exhaustivode los antecedentes del personal de la policía. De igual manera, es importante mejorar las relaciones entre la policíay las comunidades para obtener resultados sostenibles.
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| 6. |
- Andersson, Staffan, 1969-, et al.
(författare)
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El control de la corrupción : Un marco analítico para su estudio
- 2009
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Ingår i: Revista del CLAD Reforma y Democracia. - 1315-2378. ; 43, s. 103-126
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Institutional Control of Corruption: an Analytical Framework for its Study Designing and implementing institutional mechanisms to control corruption are key strategies for improving the democratic quality of political systems. For this reason, not only does this issue occupy a priority position in the political agenda of a number of governmental and international organizations, but there is also a large body of specialized literature on this subject. In spite of a number of existing studies that focus on the importance of the role that institutions play in curbing corruption, the literature centered specifically on the empirical evaluation of such mechanisms in a particular country, or on the theoretical analysis of how they contribute to increased accountability of public officials, is less abundant. To address this lack, this article suggests an analytical framework based on the Principal-Agent theory, to propose systematic empirical research of institutional measures for controlling corruption. This analytical framework is based on two criteria for classification. The first one distinguishes between ex ante and ex post measures, depending on when the specific mechanisms are enacted: before or after the delegation of authority between the Principal and the Agent has taken place. The second criterion distinguishes between a priori and a posteriori measures, depending on whether the specific mechanism is implemented before or after the act of corruption itself has occurred. Different theoretical consequences derive from each approach in terms of the projected effectiveness of the ensuing controls in reducing agency problems. Thus, the proposed framework serves to shed light on two main issues: the identification of the prevailing approach to control corruption in a specific country, and the estimation of the theoretical effectiveness of that approach. However, the most important innovation prompted by the application of this analytical framework, is that it provides for several types of comparison: between different approaches for controlling corruption in various case studies, between various areas of heightened risk for corruption within a country -such as party financing, corruption of members of parliament, ministers, etc.- and between such specific risk areas in different countries. To allow these different types of comparison, the concept of a danger zone of corruption is proposed. This concept refers to the areas and functions of the system that are vulnerable to corruption: areas of vulnerability where occurrence of corruption is likely, and conditions that are likely to promote corruption. Using this concept, it is possible to delineate the vulnerable areas in a specific system, and thereafter, to apply the proposed analytical framework in order to better describe the current approaches taken to control corruption in a given country. The necessary specific steps to identify these danger zones, as well as to empirically apply the proposed analytical framework are detailed in this article, using several examples from the British system. Due to the highly developed institutional measures to circumvent corruption in place in the United Kingdom, this case effectively illustrates the utility of the proposed framework. In summary, the purpose of this article is to fulfill a deficit in the existing literature on the control of corruption, by providing a novel theoretical framework for the descriptive analysis of institutional mechanisms and their theoretical effectiveness in specific contexts and at the comparative level.
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- Domínguez R., Edmé
(författare)
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Mujer, sindicatos y apoyos transnacionales : diversas expereincias en el caso de México
- 2010
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Ingår i: Serie HAINA. - Madrid : Acta Ibero-Americana Fennica, Serie Hispano-Americana 10, Instituto Iberoamericano de Finlandia, Instituto Iberoamericano Universidad de Göteborg, Departamento de Culturas del Mundo de a Universidad de Helsinki. - 1403-3933. ; VII, s. 157-170
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article presents the case study of the Red de Mujeres Sindicalistas. RMSM (The Mexican Trade Union women's network) a network of female trade union activists who is trying to open a space for gender perspectives within several trade union movements in Mexico. Even though this network exemplifies one of the victories of trade union women in Mexico the article shows the many obstacle they still have to confront in order to make their rights recognized and respected. This case study also exemplifies the intersection of class en gender with transnational activism. The latter has helped the RMSM in a significat way to gain a certain independence from their organizations. This study is the result of several interviews with representatives of the network and their sister organization in the South of Mexico.
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| 10. |
- Gaggiotti, Hugo, et al.
(författare)
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El nomadismo como epistemología del mundo organizacional contemporáneo
- 2015
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Ingår i: Scripta Nova. - 1138-9788. ; XIX:510-1, s. 1-12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- De la misma manera que el movimiento y el nomadismo, en tanto que formas de vida opuestas al sedentarismo, implican no solo el abandono de la idea de un hogar fijo sino también un desafío activo o una evitación furtiva de la autoridad sedentaria del estado, el movimiento y el nomadismo como epistemologías confrontan el orden generalmente fijo de los lenguajes, discursos y perspectivas con los que la ciencia intenta explicar nuestro mundo social. Emergen así nuevos caminos para pensar el movimiento, las subjetividades, lo grupal y lo institucional, en un mundo que no solo es global, sino real y virtual al mismo tiempo. En este número extraordinario, se reúnen aportaciones que experimentan, discuten y reflexionan cuestionando el pensamiento estático.
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