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Sökning: hsvkat:504 mat:dok (lärosäte:(gu) OR lärosäte:(du) OR lärosäte:(kau) OR lärosäte:(lnu) OR lärosäte:(ltu) OR lärosäte:(lu) OR lärosäte:(miun) OR lärosäte:(mdh) OR lärosäte:(su) OR lärosäte:(umu) OR lärosäte:(uu) OR lärosäte:(oru)) > Svenska > Karlstads universitet

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1.
  • Tyrkkö, Arja (författare)
  • I skärningspunkten mellan arbetsliv och föräldraskap : En studie om livsformer i 1990-talets Sverige
  • 1999
  • Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • The central problem area of this dissertation concerns the connection between working life and parenthood. The main purpose is to develop an analytical strategy which validity is determined by the extent to which it can consider and cover the complexity of the conditions and practices of everyday life for working parents. Starting in an understanding of the concept life-mode as a sensitizing concept, an analytical model is developed and a Boolean approach is used to study the complex interrelation between working life and parenthood. In the dissertation the relationship between working life and parenthood is studied focusing on the work place. Parenthood, organization and gender are three key concepts which direct the analysis of the organizational forms everyday life take on. The empirical material of the dissertation comes from a questionnaire survey carried out in Sweden in 1992. The material consists of nine occupational groups, divided in women and men. A qualitative comparative method, developed by Charles C. Ragin, is used to compare organization-based adjustment situations. The factors of the analytical model are presented in binary form and tested against empirical data. The results are presented as equations that reflect the complexity of the interrelations between working life and parenthood through conjunctures of causal conditions, i e leading position, thedominance of one of the sexes at departmental level, children-specific scope of action, general scope of action, and the outcome, i e different adjustment strategies used by parents. The division of the adjustment strategies in three degrees of imposed restrictions on the work situation - everyday actions, smaller restrictions and bigger changes of the work situation.- is an attempt to account for the size of the work and family circles.
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2.
  • Heikkinen, Satu, 1969- (författare)
  • Att köra eller inte köra : Hur de äldre, åldrande och bilkörning har diskuterats i svensk transportpolitik
  • 2008
  • Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • The objective of this study is to analyse the formation of older and ageing drivers in Swedish transportation policy. Documents from the Swedish Government, the Riksdag and, in a few cases, public authorities and newspapers are analysed. The discourse-analytical framework is inspired by Foucault’s archaeology, which is used as a tool box. The study identifies/constructs three periods in the formation of older and ageing drivers. In the first period (1934–1967) there is a discursive gap between statements about driver selection and traffic safety. Driving in ‘old age’ is a problem for medical expertise and mandatory tests are proposed. The proposals are rejected, as older people’s driving is not a problem in the discourse of traffic safety. In the second period (1967–1991) ‘older drivers’ is made up as a category of interest. ‘Older drivers’ become an accident population in the discourse of traffic safety due to changes in statistical practices. In the third period (1991–2006) a discourse of older peo-ple’s mobility is appearing alongside the discourses of traffic safety and driver selection. Moreover, the study traces how the statements of older and ageing drivers are ordered by more general ideas of the aged and ageing. Double discourses of ageing are followed by a dichotomisation in ‘healthy’ and ‘sick older drivers’ in the 1990s. The idea of an abrupt exit in old age alters to a more gradual exit, in its turn followed by challenging the very idea of exit.
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3.
  • Folkesson, Per, 1946- (författare)
  • Katastrofer och män : Explorativa undersökningar av ett komplext förhållande
  • 2005
  • Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • The present work is a doctoral dissertation in the field of social work with a gender perspective. Three case studies with an explorative approach were conducted, with the following research questions as the point of departure: a) is there a catastrophe-related gender segregation regarding men, and b) if so, what does this segregation look like in terms of related forms and phenomena? The work has its methodological basis in grounded theory, which is designed to generate theory that is firmly grounded in empirical data. Through theoretical sampling, information regarding three catastrophes was collected – the ethnic cleansing in Srebrenica in 1995, the sinking of the Titanic in 1912, and the discothèque fire in Gothenburg 1998. The central finding of the empirical studies suggests that there was a catastrophe-related gender segregation regarding men in all three cases. This was primarily evident in the fact that men collectively organized to defeat the causes and consequences of the catastrophic events that had taken place. Women were evacuated from the scene while men were left behind, or ordered there to help combat the catastrophe. Other phenomena that proved to be related to the main phenomenon, i.e. catastrophe-related gender segregation, were, for example, polarized normative patterns regarding men that pointed toward correctness, loyalty, and maximal performance on the one hand, or incorrectness, cowardice, and treachery on the other, and also altered psychological states as part of a process of mental mobilization in preparation of catastrophe-controlling tasks. The catastrophes conditioned a redefinition of the relationship between men and women where the consistent structural priority given to men was temporarily suspended.To a great extent, men were collectively exposed to deadly risks, and in two of the three cases the actual mortality of men was very high. The findings have led to the conclusion that men are relatively expendable in the event of a catastrophe. This conclusion, which is part of a grounded theory of the relationship between catastrophes and men, is discussed in the final chapter of the dissertation in relation to existing theory regarding sex, gender, and patriarchy, and phenomena like dissociation, civilization, and safety.
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4.
  • Karlsson, Lis Bodil (författare)
  • Berättelser om inre röster : Ett fenomenologiskt och kommunikativt perspektiv
  • 2007
  • Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • The phenomenon of hearing voices is examined in a communicative way and with a phenomenological perspective. Data consist of talks in focus groups and of written autobiographical texts. (I) The aim of the first article, “More real than the reality”- A study of voice hearing, is to describe and analyse how participants in focus groups account for and understand their voice hearing experiences. Voice hearing can be understood as a continuum of various experiences, including thoughts about the self and the inner and the outer world. Voice hearing can be experienced as ‘more real than the reality’. (II) The aim of the second article, Från rösthörarnas värld - en analys av självbiografiska brev om hörselhallucinationer [From the world of the voice hearers - en analysis of personal letters on auditory hallucinations], is to analyse how people can describe and interpret inner voices in texts. The terms monologue, dialogue, polyphony and cacophony characterise variations of voice hearing. (III) The aim of the third article, ‘Schizophrenic or occult harassed?’ A narrative study of an autobiographical text about auditory and visual hallucinations, is to show that important insight into voice hearing can be gained when one describes and analyses how a subject writes. The analysis showed how writing was a way of adapting to inner voices and to the psychiatric diagnosis the author had received. (IV) The aim of the fourth article, Leva med inre röster. Utforskande av röstupplevelsers mening [Living with inner voices. A quest for the meaning of voice experiences], is to describe and analyse some methods and attitudes that the subjects use in order to cope with inner voices. It was important that the participants accepted their voices as a part of life. The participants also must cope with being stigmatised.
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5.
  • Nordfeldt, Marie, 1961- (författare)
  • Hemlöshet i välfärdsstaden : En studie av relationerna mellan socialtjänst och frivilliga organisationer i Stockholm och Göteborg
  • 1999
  • Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • The aim of this thesis is to examine the relations between local government and voluntary organisations in two Swedish cities - Stockholm and Göteborg - with regard to the issue of homelessness, and to analyse how these relations have changed during the 1990's. A further aim is to explore to what extent different localities, due to variations in the economic and political context, vary in their responses to influences and pressures from the outside, e.g. from the central state. These variations, it is assumed, result in different approaches to local welfare production and, as part of that, different views on how to care for the homeless, and also create differences in the relations between local government and voluntary organisations. A qualitative methodology has been used in the two case studies. Most of the data have been gathered through personal interviews with informants from the local governments and the voluntary organisations respectively, supplemented with different kinds of documentary information. The comparative analysis indicates that, although social policy in Sweden is rather strictly regulated at the central state level, there are differences on the local level with respect to relations between the local government and voluntary organisations. In short, there are local modes of welfare production. In Stockholm, the voluntary organisations cooperate with local government agencies, but they have in particular staked out a niche of their own - to care for the most deprived of the homeless. The voluntary organisations in Göteborg, in contrast, have become an integrated part of a restructured local government.
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8.
  • Arvidson, Markus (författare)
  • Den fabricerande människan : Om bedrägeri som vardaglig interaktionsform
  • 2007
  • Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • The present dissertation takes the multi-faceted phenomenon of deception as its point of departure. The aim is to make a case for deception as a social phenomenon, and to frame theoretically and define the skills and abilities that make deception possible.A theoretical model based on a number of ideal types is constructed. The purpose of the model is to differentiate particular aspects of deception, and the model is illustrated with examples of actions of more or less well-known impostors. The examples were collected from a variety of sources, such as autobiographies and television programs.As a first step, the legal definition of deception, i.e. fraud, and statistics on crimes of deception in Sweden are presented. Different theoretical approaches are also discussed; deception as a personality trait, and deception as communication and interaction.In order to illuminate the social dimensions, it is emphasized that deception constitutes a particular type of relationship between deceiver and deceivee. This particular form of interaction exploits elementary forms, and it is also asymmetrical in terms of the intentions of the parties involved.The concept of social competence is used to describe the skills and abilities required for successful acts of deception. It is argued that the social competence of deceivers consists of three types: strategic, normative, and dramaturgic competencies. The strategic competency involves being goal-rational and strategic, for example, the ability to predict the actions of the potential addressee. In the normative competency, norms and reference to norms are used strategically. The dramaturgic competency represents an operationalization and enactment of the two other competencies, and resembles the preparation and performance of an actor.The different contexts in which deception can occur are also discussed. A preliminary typology is presented, with the aim of demonstrating the difficulties in drawing clear lines between various types of deception. The extended approach to deception also means that it can be viewed as a part of everyday social interaction.Finally, some thoughts on deception in the light of societal changes are presented. It is argued that the increasing demands on people to promote themselves in various ways in today’s society can be perceived as an invitation to deception and fabrication. These demands can generate feelings of inferiority and a fear of eventually being unmasked as an impostor, or a phony.
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9.
  • Haraldsson, Anna-Lena (författare)
  • Skapande av tid och mening : En socioexestentiellanalys
  • 2004
  • Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • Denna avhandling handlar om människor som ökat sin fria tid. Syftet med studien är att öka förståelsen förÊvarför människor vill ha mer fri tid, vilka möjligheter de har att förverkliga denna önskan och vilka konsekvenserna blir. Empirin tolkas med hjälp av en socioexistentiell tolkningsram som innebär att människors intentioner förstås i relation till deras faktiska möjligheter och att en existentiell dimension har inkluderats. Studien visar på varierande intentioner som exempelvis en önskan om att söka möjligheter att skapa och friheten att styra sin fria tid. Möjligheterna att öka tiden påverkas av såväl mod som boendekostnader och konsekvenserna av mer fri tid är bland annat en ökad inre och yttre frihet. Människornas önskan om mer fri tid och svårigheterna att öka sin fria tid förstås som en diskrepans mellan individernas önskningar och samhällets faktiska struktur och/eller kulturellt acceptabla värderingssystem
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