Complexity classifications for propositional abduction in Post's framework

• In this article, we investigate the complexity of abduction, a fundamental and important form of non-monotonic reasoning. Given a knowledge base explaining the world's behaviour, it aims at finding an explanation for some observed manifestation. In this article, we consider propositional abduction, where the knowledge base and the manifestation are represented by propositional formulæ. The problem of deciding whether there exists an explanation has been shown to be Σ2p-complete in general. We focus on formulæ in which the allowed connectives are taken from certain sets of Boolean functions. We consider different variants of the abduction problem in restricting both the manifestations and the hypotheses. For all these variants, we obtain a complexity classification for all possible sets of Boolean functions. In this way, we identify easier cases, namely NP-complete, coNP-complete and polynomial cases. Thus, we get a detailed picture of the complexity of the propositional abduction problem, hence highlighting the sources of intractability. Further, we address the problem of counting the full explanations and prove a trichotomous classification theorem.

Ämnesord

NATURVETENSKAP  -- Data- och informationsvetenskap (hsv//swe)

NATURAL SCIENCES  -- Computer and Information Sciences (hsv//eng)

Nyckelord

Abduction

boolean connective

computational complexity

Post's lattice

propositional logic

Boolean connectives

Knowledge base

Non-monotonic reasoning

NP Complete

Polynomial case

Knowledge based systems

Boolean functions

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