Towards Bio-carbon Substitutes in the Manufacture of Electrodes and Refractories for the Metallurgical Industries : A Science and Technology Review

• The unique structural versatility and chemical and thermophysical properties of carbon make it essentially irreplaceable for non-reductant uses in many high-temperature metallurgical processes. At present, bio-carbon substitutes are not technically feasible for large-scale use in electrode and refractory materials that are vital consumables in the steel, aluminum, and non-ferrous metal industries. Carbon electrodes of all types (including Soderberg, prebaked, and anodes/cathodes for Al) as well as carbon lining pastes are all similar in that they are comprised of a granular carbon aggregate and a carbon-based binder. Similarly, refractories such as MgO-C utilize both natural (mined) graphite and carbon-based binders. Replacements of fossil materials with equivalent bio-carbon substitutes have the potential to dramatically reduce the carbon footprints of these products. However, there are still considerable materials engineering challenges that must be surmounted. The properties of bio-carbon materials and technological obstacles are explored, including catalytic graphitization and development of bio-pitch materials.

Ämnesord

TEKNIK OCH TEKNOLOGIER  -- Materialteknik -- Metallurgi och metalliska material (hsv//swe)

ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY  -- Materials Engineering -- Metallurgy and Metallic Materials (hsv//eng)

Nyckelord

Bio-carbon

Carbon materials

Electrodes

Pyrometallurgy

Refractories

Sustainability

Publikations- och innehållstyp

ref (ämneskategori)

kon (ämneskategori)