Investigation of Pt, Ti, TiN and Nano-porous Carbon Electrodes for Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator Applications

•  The electrochemical behavior and stability of Pt, Ti, TiN, and nano-porous carbon for implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) electrode application were investigated in a phosphate buffered saline solution. The electrochemical interfacial proper-ties were examined by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and the potential and current response during ICD shock pulses were recorded by a digital oscilloscope. Changes in surface composition and structure were investigated using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and environmental scanning electron microscopy. When exposed to anodic 700 V shock pulses with duration of 10 ms, only Pt was stable, nano-porous carbon electrode was slightly attacked, whereas Ti and TiN electrodes suffered severe degradation. Upon cathodic shock pulsing, all the materials were stable, but Ti and TiN electrodes with a smooth surface showed evidence of hydrogen adsorption. Porous and rough electrodes produced less gas evolution compared to a smooth surfaces, due to a higher amount of charge transferred through non-Faradaic processes. The reason for this could be higher interfacial capacity due to the large surface area.

Subject headings

NATURVETENSKAP  -- Kemi -- Fysikalisk kemi (hsv//swe)

NATURAL SCIENCES  -- Chemical Sciences -- Physical Chemistry (hsv//eng)

Keyword

Electrical shock pulse

Electrochemical degradation

Implantable cardioverter-defibrillator

Nano-porous carbon

Rough TiN

Physical chemistry

Fysikalisk kemi

Publication and Content Type

ref (subject category)

art (subject category)