Oxygen- and Water-Based Degradation in [6,6]-Phenyl-C-61-Butyric Acid Methyl Ester (PCBM) Films

• Effects of in situ oxygen/water exposure on the energetics of [6,6]-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) films are presented. For oxygen exposure, the work function is downshifted by ≈0.15 eV compared to the ideal integer charge transfer (ICT) curve for pristine PCBM, which is incompatible with significant introduction of electron trap states or p-doping. Water induces the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) structure to undergo strong, irreversible modifications accompanied by a chemical interaction with PCBM.

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electronic structure; integer charge transfer; oxygen; water exposure; degradation; photoelectron spectroscopy

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