Skeletal muscle immunohistochemistry of acquired and hereditary myopathies

• Purpose of review The continued development in the field of immunohistochemistry (IHC) has improved the ability to diagnose muscle diseases. Many hereditary diseases are diagnosed by the absence or abnormal localization of proteins. Detection of secondary pathological protein expression is also used in diagnostics, and to study disease processes. We relate and discuss recent reports, where IHC has been an important tool in the investigation of muscle diseases. Recent findings In idiopathic inflammatory myopathies, IHC has extended its role to diagnose subgroups. This is most evident concerning immune-mediated necrotizing myopathy and antisynthetase syndrome. The availability of new antibodies has increased the sensitivity of a muscle biopsy to diagnose several hereditary myopathies. The introduction of protein restoration therapies in muscular dystrophies also comes with the need to detect and measure protein levels. For the study of disease processes at the protein level, in both acquired and hereditary myopathies IHC, often combined with gene studies, PCR-based methods, western blotting and electron microscopy, continues to bring forth interesting results. IHC is an integrated tool in muscle pathology, where recent studies contribute to improved diagnostic skills and increased insights into disease processes.

Ämnesord

MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP  -- Klinisk medicin -- Reumatologi och inflammation (hsv//swe)

MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES  -- Clinical Medicine -- Rheumatology and Autoimmunity (hsv//eng)

Nyckelord

acquired myopathies; hereditary myopathies; immunohistochemistry; inflammatory myopathies

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