Micro-Raman scattering profiling studies on HVPE-grown free-standing GaN

• Free-standing GaN of ∼330 μm thickness with low defect density was prepared by hydride vapor-phase epitaxy (HVPE) on sapphire in a vertical atmospheric-pressure reactor and a subsequent laser-induced lift-off process. The structural and optical properties of the material were assessed by various characterization techniques, like X-ray diffraction, photo- and cathodoluminescence, spectroscopic ellipsometry, positron annihilation spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. Here, we focus on μ-Raman scattering profiling studies providing the vertical strain distribution and the evolution of the crystalline quality with increasing layer thickness. Profiles of the free-carrier concentration are obtained from monitoring the LO-phonon plasmon coupled mode. Comparative investigations are performed on the material before and after separation of the sapphire substrate. The GaN material presented here is well capable of serving as a substrate for further homoepitaxial strain-relaxed and crack-free growth needed for fabrication of high-quality III-nitride device heterostructures.

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