Multi-objective optimizations and multi-criteria assessments for a nanofluid-aided geothermal PV hybrid system

• Energy transition has brought widespread attentions to the concept of coupled utilization of the geothermal and solar energy. This paper provides an integrated assessment on developing a nanofluid geothermal-photovoltaic hybrid system that addresses the multi-objective optimization and multi-criteria evaluation difficulties. The coupling system design and dispatch are optimized by considering the multiple objectives from the microscopic particles to the system. The life cycle cost, levelized cost of energy, levelized cost of heat, and the irreversibility are introduced in the optimization stage. The optimization parameters include the pipe arrangement, type of nanoparticles, and the concentration of the nanoparticles in nanofluids. A combined analysis including the energy, exergy, economy, and the environment is proposed to evaluate the various objectives and cases. The results show that the combination of 2% Al2O3 nanofluid and spiral pipe has the optimum performance. The monocrystalline solar panels with the nanofluids-aided heat pump create the least CO2 emissions (550 kg/year), the least LCOE (198.18 $), and the highest exergy efficiency. However, the LCOH (211.78 $/MWh) is still much high. Only when the electricity cost is higher than 0.11$/kWh, the proposed coupling system would show competitiveness. In summary, these results effectively prove the robustness and superiority of the hybrid system. 

Ämnesord

TEKNIK OCH TEKNOLOGIER  -- Naturresursteknik -- Energisystem (hsv//swe)

ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY  -- Environmental Engineering -- Energy Systems (hsv//eng)

Nyckelord

4E analysis

Geothermal-photovoltaic system

Multi-objective optimization

Nanofluids

Photovoltaic-ground source heat pump

Alumina

Aluminum oxide

Costs

Electric load dispatching

Exergy

Geothermal energy

Geothermal heat pumps

Hybrid systems

Life cycle

Nanofluidics

Nanoparticles

Solar energy

Solar panels

4e analyse

Coupling systems

Groundsource heat pump (GSHP)

Multi-objectives optimization

Optimization criteria

Photovoltaic systems

Photovoltaics

Multiobjective optimization

Publikations- och innehållstyp

ref (ämneskategori)

art (ämneskategori)