Piepser 2.0 : A Self-Sustaining Smartwatch to Maximize the Paragliders Flytime

• The main motivation of paraglider pilots is to stay in the air for as long as possible. Therefore, paraglider pilots are always searching for thermal upwind that allow them to gain altitude. These thermal lifts are difficult to detect. Therefore, sensors and devices that indicate the vertical speed (so-called variometers) are widely used among paraglider pilots. This article presents the design and the implementation of an ultralow-power, self-sustaining, high-precision, wrist-worn variometer with a minimal form factor but infinite lifetime, which can visually and acoustically indicate the vertical velocity. This article demonstrates the benefits of combining multisource energy harvesting (EH) for wearable devices with low power design, exploiting a novel near-threshold ARM Cortex-M4F microcontroller, the Ambiq Apollo2, for the onboard processing. The experimental results show a power consumption of only 17.12~\mu \text{W} in sleep mode and 1937.21~\mu \text{W} in the worst case scenario when processing the data and outputting an audio feedback. Measurements confirmed that combining both thermal and solar EH makes the designed electronics self-sustaining. Without EH, the system will be operational for up to 372 h in always-on mode (worst case scenario) supplied by a 200-mAh lithium-ion battery. © 1963-2012 IEEE.

Nyckelord

Barometric sensors

low-power sensing

low-power wearables

precision flight instruments

variometers

Data handling

Electric inductors

Electric power supplies to apparatus

Energy harvesting

Lithium-ion batteries

Wearable computers

Low Power

Multi-source energy harvesting

On-board processing

Precision flight

Vertical velocity

Worst case scenario

Wearable sensors

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