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Molecular Epidemiol...
Molecular Epidemiology and Mechanisms of Antibiotic Resistance in Clinical Isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa from Qatar
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- Sid Ahmed, Mazen, 1970- (författare)
- Örebro universitet,Institutionen för naturvetenskap och teknik
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- Jass, Jana, professor, 1963- (preses)
- Örebro universitet,Institutionen för naturvetenskap och teknik
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- Ibrahim, Emad, dr (preses)
- Division of Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Doha, Qatar
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- Sultan, Ali, dr (preses)
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Doha, Qatar
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- Söderquist, Bo, professor, 1955- (preses)
- Örebro universitet,Institutionen för medicinska vetenskaper
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- Giske, Christian, professor (opponent)
- Klin. Mikrobiologi, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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(creator_code:org_t)
- ISBN 9789175293530
- Örebro : Örebro University, 2020
- Engelska 92 s.
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Serie: Örebro Studies in Life Science, 1653-3100 ; 17
- Relaterad länk:
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https://oru.diva-por...
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Abstract
Ämnesord
Stäng
- Inappropriate and excessive use of antibiotics promotes antimicrobial resistance (AMR), particularly in Gram-negative bacteria (GNB). There is a noticeable increase in nosocomial infections caused by multidrug-resistant (MDR) Pseudomonas aeruginosa, which is associated with significant morbidity, mortality, and an increase in cost management. Although this is a global problem, there is a lack of sufficient data on regional differences that can contribute towards effective AMR management. This thesis presents a study of MDR-P. aeruginosa at five different hospitals in Qatar conducted prospectively between October 2014 - September 2017. The aim was to study the epidemiology, microbiological and clinical characteristics of MDR-P. aeruginosa infections as well as investigate the activity of new antibiotic combinations against these bacteria. The prevalence of MDR-P. aeruginosa isolates in the first year was 8.1% (205/2533), isolated from different clinical specimens, but the majority were from respiratory infections (44.9%, n=92). Most cases were exposed to antibiotics during the 90 days prior to isolation (85.4%, n=177), and the resistance to cefepime, ciprofloxacin, piperacillin/tazobactam, meropenem was >90%. To compare pre- and post-Antimicrobial Stewardship Program, there was a significant reduction in antibiotic consumption by 30.4% of total inpatient antibiotic prescriptions (p=0.008) and the prevalence of MDR-P. aeruginosa significantly declined from 9% to 5.4% (p=0.019). The in vitro investigation of ceftazidime/avibactam (CZA) and ceftolozane/tazobactam (C/T) against MDR-P. aeruginosa isolates, showed promising results with susceptibility of 68.8% (n=141/205) and 62.9% (n=129/205), respectively, which was higher than other antipseudomonal agents except colistin. Seventy-five isolates that were sequenced belonged to 29 different sequence types, with ST235 being predominant at 21.3% (16/75). Among the 42 isolates that were resistant to CZA and/or C/T, the most prevalent genes were blaOXA-488 and blaVEB-9 detected in 45.2% (19/42) of isolates. Spearman’s analysis showed that resistance to CZA and C/T were positively correlated with the presence of blaOXA-10, blaPDC-2a, blaVIM-2, and blaVEB-9 , respectively. The study highlights potential key mechanisms that could explain the resistance of MDR-P. aeruginosa to the new antibiotic combinations.
Ämnesord
- NATURVETENSKAP -- Biologi -- Annan biologi (hsv//swe)
- NATURAL SCIENCES -- Biological Sciences -- Other Biological Topics (hsv//eng)
Nyckelord
- Antibiotics
- C/T
- CZA
- MDR
- Pseudomonas aeruginosa
- ST235
- VEB
- VIM
Publikations- och innehållstyp
- vet (ämneskategori)
- dok (ämneskategori)
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Sid Ahmed, Mazen ...
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Jass, Jana, prof ...
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Ibrahim, Emad, d ...
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Sultan, Ali, dr
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Söderquist, Bo, ...
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Giske, Christian ...
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