Isolation and characterization of nanocrystalline cellulose from roselle-derived microcrystalline cellulose

• Roselle fiber is a renewable and sustainable agricultural waste enriched with cellulose polysaccharides. The isolation of Nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) from roselle-derived microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) is an alternative approach to recover the agricultural roselle plant residue. In the present study, acid hydrolysis with different reaction time was carried out to degrade the roselle-derived MCC to form NCC. The characterizations of isolated NCC were conducted through Fourier Transform Infrared Ray (FTIR), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM), Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS), Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC). As evaluated from the performed morphological investigations, the needle-like shape NCC nanostructures were observed under TEM and AFM microscopy studies, while irregular rod-like shape of NCC was observed under FESEM analysis. With 60 min hydrolysis time, XRD analysis demonstrated the highest NCC crystallinity degree with 79.5%. In thermal analysis by TGA and DSC, the shorter hydrolysis time tended to produce NCC with higher thermal stability. Thus, the isolated NCC from roselle-derived MCC has high potential to be used in application of pharmaceutical and biomedical fields for nanocomposite fabrication. 

Nyckelord

Crystallinity

Morphology

Nanocrystalline cellulose

Roselle

Thermal stability

cellulose

microcrystalline cellulose

unclassified drug

nanoparticle

acid hydrolysis

Article

atomic force microscopy

chemical analysis

chemical procedures

chemical structure

controlled study

crystallization

degradation

differential scanning calorimetry

energy dispersive X ray spectroscopy

field emission scanning electron microscopy

Hibiscus sabdariffa

infrared spectroscopy

isolation procedure

nanofabrication

photon correlation spectroscopy

plant residue

reaction time

thermogravimetry

thermostability

transmission electron microscopy

X ray diffraction

chemistry

Hibiscus

Nanoparticles

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