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Trends in inequalit...
Trends in inequalities in premature mortality : a study of 3.2 million deaths in 13 European countries.
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- Mackenbach, Johan P (author)
- Erasmus MC, Dept Publ Hlth, NL-3000 CA Rotterdam, Netherlands
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- Kulhánová, Ivana (author)
- Erasmus MC, Dept Publ Hlth, NL-3000 CA Rotterdam, Netherlands
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- Menvielle, Gwenn (author)
- INSERM, Ctr Res Epidemiol & Populat Hlth CESP, U1018, Villejuif, France
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- Bopp, Matthias (author)
- Univ Zurich, Inst Social & Prevent Med, CH-8006 Zurich, Switzerland
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- Borrell, Carme (author)
- Agencia Salut Publ Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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- Costa, Giuseppe (author)
- Univ Turin, Dept Clin Med & Biol, Turin, Italy
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- Deboosere, Patrick (author)
- Vrije Univ Brussel, Dept Sociol, Brussels, Belgium
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- Esnaola, Santiago (author)
- Basque Govt, Dept Publ Hlth, Vitoria, Spain
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- Kalediene, Ramune (author)
- Lithuanian Univ Hlth Sci, Kaunas, Lithuania
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- Kovacs, Katalin (author)
- Cent Stat Off, Demog Res Inst, Budapest, Hungary
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- Leinsalu, Mall (author)
- Södertörns högskola,Sociologi,SCOHOST (Stockholm Centre for Health and Social Change),National Institute for Health Development, Tallinn, Estonia,Natl Inst Hlth Dev, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, Tallinn, Estonia
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- Martikainen, Pekka (author)
- Univ Helsinki, Dept Sociol, Helsinki, Finland
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- Regidor, Enrique (author)
- Univ Complutense Madrid, Dept Prevent Med & Publ Hlth, Madrid, Spain
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- Rodriguez-Sanz, Maica (author)
- Agencia Salut Publ Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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- Strand, Bjørn Heine (author)
- Norwegian Inst Publ Hlth, Div Epidemiol, Oslo, Norway
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- Hoffmann, Rasmus (author)
- Erasmus MC, Dept Publ Hlth, NL-3000 CA Rotterdam, Netherlands
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- Eikemo, Terje A (author)
- Erasmus MC, Dept Publ Hlth, NL-3000 CA Rotterdam, Netherlands
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- Östergren, Olof (author)
- Stockholms universitet,Centrum för forskning om ojämlikhet i hälsa (CHESS)
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- Lundberg, Olle (author)
- Stockholms universitet,Centrum för forskning om ojämlikhet i hälsa (CHESS),Mid-Sweden University , Sweden
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(creator_code:org_t)
- 2014-06-25
- 2015
- English.
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In: Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health. - : BMJ. - 0143-005X .- 1470-2738. ; 69, s. 207-217
- Related links:
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https://urn.kb.se/re...
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https://doi.org/10.1...
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Abstract
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- BACKGROUND: Over the last decades of the 20th century, a widening of the gap in death rates between upper and lower socioeconomic groups has been reported for many European countries. For most countries, it is unknown whether this widening has continued into the first decade of the 21st century.METHODS: We collected and harmonised data on mortality by educational level among men and women aged 30-74 years in all countries with available data: Finland, Sweden, Norway, Denmark, England and Wales, Belgium, France, Switzerland, Spain, Italy, Hungary, Lithuania and Estonia.RESULTS: Relative inequalities in premature mortality increased in most populations in the North, West and East of Europe, but not in the South. This was mostly due to smaller proportional reductions in mortality among the lower than the higher educated, but in the case of Lithuania and Estonia, mortality rose among the lower and declined among the higher educated. Mortality among the lower educated rose in many countries for conditions linked to smoking (lung cancer, women only) and excessive alcohol consumption (liver cirrhosis and external causes). In absolute terms, however, reductions in premature mortality were larger among the lower educated in many countries, mainly due to larger absolute reductions in mortality from cardiovascular disease and cancer (men only). Despite rising levels of education, population-attributable fractions of lower education for mortality rose in many countries.CONCLUSIONS: Relative inequalities in premature mortality have continued to rise in most European countries, and since the 1990s, the contrast between the South (with smaller inequalities) and the East (with larger inequalities) has become stronger. While the population impact of these inequalities has further increased, there are also some encouraging signs of larger absolute reductions in mortality among the lower educated in many countries. Reducing inequalities in mortality critically depends upon speeding up mortality declines among the lower educated, and countering mortality increases from conditions linked to smoking and excessive alcohol consumption such as lung cancer, liver cirrhosis and external causes.
Subject headings
- SAMHÄLLSVETENSKAP -- Sociologi (hsv//swe)
- SOCIAL SCIENCES -- Sociology (hsv//eng)
- MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP -- Hälsovetenskap -- Folkhälsovetenskap, global hälsa, socialmedicin och epidemiologi (hsv//swe)
- MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES -- Health Sciences -- Public Health, Global Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (hsv//eng)
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- ref (subject category)
- art (subject category)
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- By the author/editor
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Mackenbach, Joha ...
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Kulhánová, Ivana
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Menvielle, Gwenn
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Bopp, Matthias
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Borrell, Carme
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Costa, Giuseppe
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Deboosere, Patri ...
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Esnaola, Santiag ...
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Kalediene, Ramun ...
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Kovacs, Katalin
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Leinsalu, Mall
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Martikainen, Pek ...
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Regidor, Enrique
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Rodriguez-Sanz, ...
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Strand, Bjørn He ...
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Hoffmann, Rasmus
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Eikemo, Terje A
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Östergren, Olof
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Lundberg, Olle
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- About the subject
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- SOCIAL SCIENCES
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SOCIAL SCIENCES
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and Sociology
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- MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES
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MEDICAL AND HEAL ...
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and Health Sciences
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and Public Health Gl ...
- Articles in the publication
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Journal of Epide ...
- By the university
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Södertörn University
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Mid Sweden University
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Stockholm University