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Methylphenidate, mo...
Methylphenidate, modafinil, and caffeine for cognitive enhancement in chess : A double-blind, randomised controlled trial
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Franke, Andreas G. (author)
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- Gränsmark, Patrik (author)
- Stockholms universitet,Institutet för social forskning (SOFI)
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Agricola, Alexandra (author)
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Schühle, Kai (author)
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Ronnmel, Thilo (author)
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Sebastian, Alexandra (author)
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Balló, Harald E. (author)
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Gorbulev, Stanislav (author)
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- Gerdes, Christer (author)
- Stockholms universitet,Institutet för social forskning (SOFI)
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Frank, Björn (author)
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Ruckes, Christian (author)
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Tüscher, Oliver (author)
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Lieb, Klaus (author)
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(creator_code:org_t)
- Elsevier BV, 2017
- 2017
- English.
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In: European Neuropsychopharmacology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0924-977X .- 1873-7862. ; 27:3, s. 248-260
- Related links:
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https://urn.kb.se/re...
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https://doi.org/10.1...
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Abstract
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- Stimulants and caffeine have been proposed for cognitive enhancement by healthy subjects. This study investigated whether performance in chess - a competitive mind game requiring highly complex cognitive skills - can be enhanced by methylphenidate, modafinil or caffeine. In a phase IV, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, 39 male chess players received 2 x 200 mg modafinil, 2 x 20 mg methylphenidate, and 2 x 200 mg caffeine or placebo in a 4 x 4 crossover design. They played twenty 15-minute games during two sessions against a chess program (Fritz 12; adapted to players' strength) and completed several neuropsychological tests. Marked substance effects were observed since all three substances significantly increased average reflection time per game compared to placebo resulting in a significantly increased number of games lost on time with all three treatments. Treatment effects on chess performance were not seen if all games (n=3059) were analysed. Only when controlling for game duration as well as when excluding those games lost on time, both modafinil and methylphenidate enhanced chess performance as demonstrated by significantly higher scores in the remaining 2876 games compared to placebo. In conjunction with results from neuropsychological testing we conclude that modifying effects of stimulants on complex cognitive tasks may in particular result from more reflective decision making processes. When not under time pressure, such effects may result in enhanced performance. Yet, under time constraints more reflective decision making may not improve or even have detrimental effects on complex task performance.
Subject headings
- SAMHÄLLSVETENSKAP -- Sociologi -- Sociologi (hsv//swe)
- SOCIAL SCIENCES -- Sociology -- Sociology (hsv//eng)
- MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP -- Klinisk medicin -- Neurologi (hsv//swe)
- MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES -- Clinical Medicine -- Neurology (hsv//eng)
- MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP -- Medicinska och farmaceutiska grundvetenskaper -- Farmaceutiska vetenskaper (hsv//swe)
- MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES -- Basic Medicine -- Pharmaceutical Sciences (hsv//eng)
Keyword
- Cognitive enhancement
- Chess
- Stimulants
- Methylphenidate
- Modafinil
- Caffeine
Publication and Content Type
- ref (subject category)
- art (subject category)
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- By the author/editor
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Franke, Andreas ...
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Gränsmark, Patri ...
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Agricola, Alexan ...
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Schühle, Kai
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Ronnmel, Thilo
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Sebastian, Alexa ...
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show more...
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Balló, Harald E.
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Gorbulev, Stanis ...
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Gerdes, Christer
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Frank, Björn
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Ruckes, Christia ...
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Tüscher, Oliver
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Lieb, Klaus
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show less...
- About the subject
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- SOCIAL SCIENCES
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SOCIAL SCIENCES
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and Sociology
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and Sociology
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- MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES
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MEDICAL AND HEAL ...
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and Clinical Medicin ...
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and Neurology
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- MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES
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MEDICAL AND HEAL ...
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and Basic Medicine
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and Pharmaceutical S ...
- Articles in the publication
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European Neurops ...
- By the university
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Stockholm University