Interaction Between Exercise and Genetics in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus : An Epidemiological Perspective

• Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a heterogeneous disease characterized by an inability to transport glucose from the blood into the cells. The disease has genetic and lifestyle determinants and probably results from the interaction of these risk factors. While this notion is widely accepted and endorsed, the available evidence is far from concrete. In this chapter the evidence that implicates physical inactivity and common genetic variation in type 2 diabetes risk will be described. Then, the fundamental concepts of gene × exercise interactions in type 2 diabetes will be defined by summarizing the evidence from epidemiological studies and clinical trials that have tested related hypotheses. The penultimate section of this chapter discusses the strengths and limitations of existing studies of interaction and outlines some of the common methodological hurdles inherent when testing hypotheses of gene × exercise interactions. The chapter concludes with a short section looking forward to where this field of research is heading and the possibilities for clinical translation.

Ämnesord

MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP  -- Hälsovetenskap -- Folkhälsovetenskap, global hälsa, socialmedicin och epidemiologi (hsv//swe)

MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES  -- Health Sciences -- Public Health, Global Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (hsv//eng)

Nyckelord

Type 2 diabetes

Genetics

Genotype

Interaction

Effect-modification

Epidemiology

Clinical trials

Exercise

Physical activity

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vet (ämneskategori)

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