Clozapine: agonistic and antagonistic salivary secretory actions.

• Individuals receiving clozapine treatment for schizophrenia complain of drooling. Reports on salivary flow measurements are contradictory in humans and lacking in animals. Clozapine has affinity for several different receptor types and may, hypothetically, both stimulate and inhibit salivary secretion. In rats, intravenous clozapine evoked a long-lasting secretion, being more prominent from submandibular than from parotid glands. Chronic denervation enhanced the responses. Clozapine acted on muscarinic (M1-) receptors of acinar cells, independent of central nervous mechanisms, pre-synaptic intraglandular events, or circulating catecholamines. A fraction of the methacholine- and parasympathetic-nerve-evoked secretion was abolished by clozapine at doses below those evoking secretion. Sympathetic-nerve-evoked secretion was partially reduced by clozapine, due to antagonistic action on alpha-adrenoceptors; the beta-adrenoceptor-mediated response persisted. Subsecretory doses of clozapine enhanced secretion induced by the beta-adrenoceptor agonist isoprenaline. The overall actions of clozapine suggest that, in clozapine-treated humans, salivation is increased during sleep and at rest, but is decreased during meals.

Ämnesord

MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP  -- Klinisk medicin -- Odontologi (hsv//swe)

MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES  -- Clinical Medicine -- Dentistry (hsv//eng)

MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP  -- Medicinska och farmaceutiska grundvetenskaper -- Fysiologi (hsv//swe)

MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES  -- Basic Medicine -- Physiology (hsv//eng)

Nyckelord

Animals

Antipsychotic Agents

pharmacology

Autonomic Denervation

Cholinergic Agents

pharmacology

Clozapine

pharmacology

Disease Models

Animal

Dose-Response Relationship

Drug

Female

Parotid Gland

drug effects

innervation

secretion

Rats

Rats

Sprague-Dawley

Receptors

Adrenergic

beta

drug effects

Receptors

Muscarinic

drug effects

Saliva

secretion

Salivation

drug effects

Sialorrhea

chemically induced

Submandibular Gland

drug effects

innervation

secretion

Publikations- och innehållstyp

ref (ämneskategori)

art (ämneskategori)