Pralidoxime – the gold standard of acetylcholinesterase reactivators – reactivation in vitro efficacy

• Objective: In this work, we aim to summarize the universality of this compound, its reactivation potential when different cholinesterase inhibitors are used. Background: Pralidoxime is considered as a gold standard of acetylcholinesterase reactivators - antidotes used in case of nerve agent poisonings. It has been commercially available for many years. However, several studies deem this oxime an old-fashion antidote. Methods: Pralidoxime was synthesized at our department. The reactivating efficacy was tested on 10 % (w/v) rat brain homogenate that had been incubated with appropriate inhibitor for 30 minutes to reach 96 % inhibition of AChE. Then, pralidoxime was added for 10 minutes. Measurements were performed at 25 °C, pH 8, and 10-3and 10-5M concentrations of AChE reactivators. The activities of brain AChE were measured by a potentio-static method. Results: No sufficient reactivation was achieved at the concentration of 10-5 M, which is a concentration that can be reached after administration of therapeutic doses. At a higher dose (10-3 M), pralidoxime reactivated AChE inhibited by paraoxon, chlorpyrifos, Russian VX, VX and sarin. Conclusion: From the obtained results, it is clear that pralidoxime seems to be a poor reactivator of AChE inhibited by organophosphorous AChE inhibitors and thus cannot be labeled as a universal reactivator.

Ämnesord

MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP  -- Medicinska och farmaceutiska grundvetenskaper -- Farmakologi och toxikologi (hsv//swe)

MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES  -- Basic Medicine -- Pharmacology and Toxicology (hsv//eng)

Nyckelord

cholinesterase

reactivator

oxime

inhibitor

pralidoxime

Publikations- och innehållstyp

ref (ämneskategori)

art (ämneskategori)