Vaccines against enteric infections for the developing world

• Since the first licensure of the Sabin oral polio vaccine more than 50 years ago, only eight enteric vaccines have been licensed for four disease indications, and all are given orally. While mucosal vaccines offer programmatically attractive tools for facilitating vaccine deployment, their development remains hampered by several factors: - limited knowledge regarding the properties of the gut immune system during early life; - lack of mucosal adjuvants, limiting mucosal vaccine development to live-attenuated or killed whole virus and bacterial vaccines; - limited knowledge of the factors contributing to oral vaccine under-performance in children from developing countries. There are now reasons to believe that the development of safe and effective mucosal adjuvants and of programmatically sound intervention strategies could enhance the efficacy of current and next-generation enteric vaccines, especially in lesser developed countries which are often co-endemic for enteric infections and malnutrition. These vaccines must be safe and affordable for the world's poorest, confer long-term protection and herd immunity, and must be able to contain epidemics.

Ämnesord

NATURVETENSKAP  -- Biologi (hsv//swe)

NATURAL SCIENCES  -- Biological Sciences (hsv//eng)

Nyckelord

enteric

vaccine

mucosa

developing country

gut

immunity

INACTIVATED POLIOVIRUS VACCINE

ORAL CHOLERA VACCINES

TYPHOID-FEVER

ROTAVIRUS VACCINATION

ANTIBODY-RESPONSES

DEVELOPING-COUNTRIES

MUCOSAL

IMMUNITY

CONTROLLED-TRIAL

CELL RESPONSES

EFFICACY TRIAL

Biology

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