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Non-prescribed use ...
Non-prescribed use of psychoactive prescription drugs among drug-impaired drivers in Sweden
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- Tjäderborn, Micaela (författare)
- Linköpings universitet,Avdelningen för läkemedelsforskning,Medicinska fakulteten
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- Jönsson, Anna K. (författare)
- Linköpings universitet,Medicinska fakulteten,Avdelningen för läkemedelsforskning,Region Östergötland, Klinisk farmakologi
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- Zverkova Sandström, Tatiana (författare)
- Gothenburg University,Göteborgs universitet,Institutionen för medicin, avdelningen för molekylär och klinisk medicin,Institute of Medicine, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine,University of Gothenburg, Sweden
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- Ahlner, Johan (författare)
- Linköpings universitet,Avdelningen för läkemedelsforskning,Medicinska fakulteten,National Board Forens Med, Department Forens Genet and Forens Toxicol, Linkoping, Sweden
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- Hägg, Staffan (författare)
- Linköpings universitet,Avdelningen för läkemedelsforskning,Medicinska fakulteten,Region Östergötland, Klinisk farmakologi,Regional Jonköping County, Sweden
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(creator_code:org_t)
- Elsevier BV, 2016
- 2016
- Engelska.
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Ingår i: Drug and Alcohol Dependence. - : Elsevier BV. - 0376-8716 .- 1879-0046. ; 161, s. 77-85
- Relaterad länk:
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https://doi.org/10.1...
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Abstract
Ämnesord
Stäng
- Aims: To determine the prevalence of non-prescribed drug use among subjects suspected of drug impaired driving with a psychoactive prescription drug, and to identify associated factors. Methods: Subjects investigated for drug-impaired driving in Sweden during 2006-2009 with a confirmed intake of diazepam, flunitrazepam, tramadol, zolpidem or zopiclone were identified using the Swedish Forensic Toxicology Database. Information on dispensed prescription drugs was retrieved from the Swedish Prescribed Drug Register. Non-prescribed use was our outcome, defined as a psychoactive prescription drug intake confirmed by toxicological analysis in a subject by whom it was not dispensed in the 12 months preceding the sampling. Prevalence proportions were calculated for each drug and logistic regression was used to identify associated factors. Results: In total, 2225 subjects were included. The median age (range) was 34 (15-80) years and 1864 (83.8%) subjects were male. Non-prescribed use was found in 1513 subjects (58.7%); for flunitrazepam 103 (76.3%), diazepam 1098 (74.1%), tramadol 192 (40.3%), zopiclone 60 (29.7%), and zolpidem 60 (21.2%) subjects, respectively. Younger age and multiple-substance use were associated with non-prescribed use, whereas ongoing treatment with other psychoactive drugs was negatively associated with non prescribed use. Conclusions: Non-prescribed use of psychoactive prescription drugs was common in subjects suspected of drug-impaired driving and was more frequent for benzodiazepines and tramadol compared to zolpidem and zopiclone. The young and multi-substance users were more likely, whereas subjects with ongoing prescribed treatment with other psychoactive drugs were less likely, to use non-prescribed drugs. (c) 2016 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
Ämnesord
- MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP -- Klinisk medicin -- Psykiatri (hsv//swe)
- MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES -- Clinical Medicine -- Psychiatry (hsv//eng)
- MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP -- Klinisk medicin (hsv//swe)
- MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES -- Clinical Medicine (hsv//eng)
Nyckelord
- Prescription drug diversion
- Non-prescribed use
- Drug-impaired driving
- Drug dispensing
- road-traffic crashes
- overdose deaths
- substance use
- opioid abuse
- psychiatric-disorders
- shopping behavior
- community sample
- united-states
- blood-samples
- prevalence
- Substance Abuse
- Psychiatry
- Prescription drug diversion; Non-prescribed use; Drug-impaired driving; Drug dispensing; Pharmacoepidemiology
Publikations- och innehållstyp
- ref (ämneskategori)
- art (ämneskategori)
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