Physiology, pathophysiology and therapeutic implications of enteroendocrine control of food intake

• Introduction: With the increasing prevalence of obesity and its associated comorbidities, strides to improve treatment strategies have enhanced our understanding of the function of the gut in the regulation of food intake. The most successful intervention for obesity to date, bariatric surgery effectively manipulates enteroendocrine physiology to enhance satiety and reduce hunger. Areas covered: In the present article, we provide a detailed overview of the physiology of enteroendocrine control of food intake, and discuss its pathophysiologic correlates and therapeutic implications in both obesity and gastrointestinal disease. Expert commentary: Ongoing research in the field of nutrient sensing by L-cells, as well as understanding the role of the microbiome and bile acid signaling may facilitate the development of novel strategies to combat the rising population health threat associated with obesity. Further refinement of post-prandial satiety gut hormone based therapies, including the development of chimeric peptides exploiting the pleiotropic nature of the gut hormone response, and identification of novel methods of delivery may hold the key to optimization of therapeutic modulation of gut hormone physiology in obesity.

Ämnesord

MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP  -- Klinisk medicin -- Endokrinologi och diabetes (hsv//swe)

MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES  -- Clinical Medicine -- Endocrinology and Diabetes (hsv//eng)

Nyckelord

Gut hormones

obesity

appetite

hunger

satiety

glucagon-like peptide 1

GLP-1

ghrelin

peptide YY

PYY

oxyntomodulin

OXM

bariatric surgery

body weight

gastric bypass

RYGB

esophagectomy

gastrectomy

malnutrition

weight loss

anorexia

surger

glucagon-like peptide-1

y gastric bypass

laparoscopic sleeve

gastrectomy

short-bowel syndrome

high-fat diet

esophageal

cancer-surgery

morbidly obese subjects

agouti-related protein

dependent insulinotropic polypeptide

intestinal glucose-metabolism

Endocrinology & Metabolism

Publikations- och innehållstyp

ref (ämneskategori)

art (ämneskategori)