Postprandial levels of GLP-1, GIP and glucagon after 2 years of weight loss with a Paleolithic diet: A randomised controlled trial in healthy obese women

• Objective: To investigate how weight loss by different diets impacts postp randial levels of glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1), glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and glucagon. Methods: In this single-centre, parallel group 2-year trial, 70 healthy postmenopausal obese women were randomised to the Paleolithic diet or a healthy control diet based on Nordic Nutrition Recommendations. Both diets were without calorie restriction. The primary outcome was the change in fat mass. Here, secondary analyses on GLP-1, GIP and glucagon measured during an OGTT are described. Results: In the Paleolithic diet group, mean weight loss compared to ba seline was 11% at 6 months and 10% at 24 months. In the control diet group, mean weight loss was 6% a fter 6 and 24 months (P = 0.0001 and P = 0.049 for the comparison between groups at 6 and 24 months respectively). Compared to baseline, the mean incremental area under the curve (iAUC) for GLP-1 increased by 34 and 45% after 6 and 24 months in the Paleolithic diet group and increased by 59% after 24 months in the control diet group. The mean iAUC for GIP increased only in the Paleolithic diet group. The area under the curve (AUC) for glucagon increas ed during the first 6 months in both groups. The fasting glucagon increase correlated with the β-hydroxybutyrate increase. Conclusions: Weight loss caused an increase in postprandial GLP-1 levels and a further rise occurred during weight maintenance. Postprandial GIP levels increased only after the Paleolithic diet. Reduced postprandial glucagon suppression may be caused by a catabolic state. © 2019 European Society of Endocrinology Printed in Great Britain.

Ämnesord

MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP  -- Klinisk medicin -- Endokrinologi och diabetes (hsv//swe)

MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES  -- Clinical Medicine -- Endocrinology and Diabetes (hsv//eng)

Nyckelord

3 hydroxybutyric acid

fatty acid

gastric inhibitory polypeptide

glucagon

glucagon like peptide 1

glucose

incretin

insulin

biological marker

adult

Article

body weight

body weight loss

caloric intake

caloric restriction

carbohydrate intake

carboxy terminal sequence

comparative study

controlled study

diet therapy

dietary compliance

dual energy X ray absorptiometry

fat intake

fat mass

female

gas chromatography

glucose blood level

human

insulin blood level

major clinical study

middle aged

nitrogen urine level

obese patient

obesity

oral glucose tolerance test

paleolithic diet

postmenopause

postprandial state

priority journal

protein intake

randomized controlled trial

treatment outcome

aged

blood

physiology

Biomarkers

Diet

Paleolithic

Energy Intake

Glucagon-Like Peptide 1

Humans

Postprandial Period

Weight Loss

glucagon

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