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Growth rate mediate...
Growth rate mediates hidden developmental plasticity of female yellow dung fly reproductive morphology in response to environmental stressors
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- Walters, Richard J. (författare)
- Lund University,Lunds universitet,BECC: Biodiversity and Ecosystem services in a Changing Climate,Centrum för miljö- och klimatvetenskap (CEC),Naturvetenskapliga fakulteten,Centre for Environmental and Climate Science (CEC),Faculty of Science,University of Zurich,Univ Zurich, Dept Evolutionary Biol & Environm Studies, Winterthurerstr 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland.;Lund Univ, Ctr Environm & Climate Res, Lund, Sweden
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- Berger, David (författare)
- Uppsala universitet,Uppsala University,University of Zurich,Evolutionsbiologi,Univ Zurich, Dept Evolutionary Biol & Environm Studies, Winterthurerstr 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
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- Blanckenhorn, W. U. (författare)
- University of Zurich,Univ Zurich, Dept Evolutionary Biol & Environm Studies, Winterthurerstr 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
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- Bussiere, Luc, 1974 (författare)
- University of Gothenburg,Gothenburg University,Göteborgs universitet,Institutionen för biologi och miljövetenskap,Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences,University of Stirling,University of Zurich,Univ Zurich, Dept Evolutionary Biol & Environm Studies, Winterthurerstr 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland.;Univ Stirling, Biol & Environm Sci, Stirling, Scotland.;Univ Gothenburg, Biol & Environm Sci, Gothenburg, Sweden
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- Rohner, P. T. (författare)
- University of Zurich,Indiana University,Univ Zurich, Dept Evolutionary Biol & Environm Studies, Winterthurerstr 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland.;Indiana Univ, Dept Biol, Bloomington, IN USA
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- Jochmann, R. (författare)
- University of Zurich,Univ Zurich, Dept Evolutionary Biol & Environm Studies, Winterthurerstr 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
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- Thuler, K. (författare)
- University of Zurich,Univ Zurich, Dept Evolutionary Biol & Environm Studies, Winterthurerstr 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
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- Schafer, M. A. (författare)
- University of Zurich,Univ Zurich, Dept Evolutionary Biol & Environm Studies, Winterthurerstr 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
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(creator_code:org_t)
- 2022-01-24
- 2022
- Engelska.
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Ingår i: Evolution & Development. - : Wiley. - 1520-541X .- 1525-142X. ; 24:1-2, s. 3-15
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Abstract
Ämnesord
Stäng
- Understanding how environmental variation influences even cryptic traits is important to clarify the roles of selection and developmental constraints in past evolutionary divergence and to predict future adaptation under environmental change. Female yellow dung flies (Scathophaga stercoraria) typically have three sperm storage compartments (3S), but occasionally four (4S). More spermathecae are thought to be a female adaptation facilitating sperm sorting after mating, but the phenotype is very rare in nature. We manipulated the flies' developmental environment by food restriction, pesticides, and hot temperatures to investigate the nature and extent of developmental plasticity of this trait, and whether spermatheca expression correlates with measures of performance and developmental stability, as would be expected if 4S expression is a developmental aberration. The spermathecal polymorphism of yellow dung fly females is heritable, but also highly developmentally plastic, varying strongly with rearing conditions. 4S expression is tightly linked to growth rate, and weakly positively correlated with fluctuating asymmetry of wings and legs, suggesting that the production of a fourth spermatheca could be a nonadaptive developmental aberration. However, spermathecal plasticity is opposite in the closely related and ecologically similar Scathophaga suilla, demonstrating that overexpression of spermathecae under developmental stress is not universal. At the same time, we found overall mortality costs as well as benefits of 4S pheno- and genotypes (also affecting male siblings), suggesting that a life history trade-off may potentially moderate 4S expression. We conclude that the release of cryptic genetic variation in spermatheca number in the face of strong environmental variation may expose hidden traits (here reproductive morphology) to natural selection (here under climate warming or food augmentation). Once exposed, hidden traits can potentially undergo rapid genetic assimilation, even in cases when trait changes are first triggered by random errors that destabilize developmental processes.
Ämnesord
- NATURVETENSKAP -- Biologi -- Evolutionsbiologi (hsv//swe)
- NATURAL SCIENCES -- Biological Sciences -- Evolutionary Biology (hsv//eng)
- NATURVETENSKAP -- Biologi -- Utvecklingsbiologi (hsv//swe)
- NATURAL SCIENCES -- Biological Sciences -- Developmental Biology (hsv//eng)
- NATURVETENSKAP -- Biologi -- Ekologi (hsv//swe)
- NATURAL SCIENCES -- Biological Sciences -- Ecology (hsv//eng)
Nyckelord
- artificial selection
- body size
- developmental stability
- Diptera
- fluctuating asymmetry
- growth rate
- morphology
- mortality
- phenotypic
- plasticity
- post-copulatory sexual selection
- spermatheca
- survival
- temperature
- sperm-storage organs
- fluctuating asymmetry
- scathophaga-stercoraria
- sexual selection
- drosophila-melanogaster
- phenotypic plasticity
- tract
- morphology
- body-size
- evolution
- spermathecae
- Evolutionary Biology
- Developmental Biology
- Genetics & Heredity
- artificial selection
Publikations- och innehållstyp
- ref (ämneskategori)
- art (ämneskategori)
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