The effects of fatty acid amide hydrolase and monoacylglycerol lipase inhibitor treatments on lipopolysaccharide-induced airway inflammation in mice.

• Cannabinoids and the endocannabinoid system significantly contributes to the airway inflammation. Fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) and monoacylglycerol lipase (MAGL) are two main enzymes responsible for the metabolism of the endocannabinoids anandamide (AEA) and 2-arachydonoyl glycerol (2-AG), respectively. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the effects of local and systemic FAAH and MAGL inhibitor treatments in experimental airway inflammation and tracheal hyperreactivity in mice. Airway inflammation was induced by intranasal (i.n.) lipopolysaccharide (LPS) application (60 μl; 0,1 mg/ml in PBS) to mice and the control group received PBS. Systemic (intraperitoneal (i.p.)) or local (i.n.) FAAH inhibitor URB597 and MAGL inhibitor JZL184 treatments were administered 1h before LPS/PBS application. Fourty 8 h after LPS/PBS application, tracheas were removed to assess airway reactivity, and the lungs and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluids were isolated for histopathological evaluation, cytokine and endocannabinoid measurements. LPS application lead to an increase in 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) contractions in isolated tracheal rings while carbachol contractions remained unchanged. The increased 5-HT contractions were prevented by both systemic and local URB597 and JZL184 treatments. Systemic treatment with URB597 and JZL184, and local treatment with JZL184 reduced peribronchial and paranchymal inflammation in the LPS group while i.n. application of URB597 worsened the inflammation in the lungs. Systemic URB597 treatment increased lung AEA level whereas it had no effect on 2-AG level. However, JZL184 treatment increased 2-AG level by either systemic or local application, and also elevated AEA level. Inflammation-induced increase in neutrophil numbers was only prevented by systemic URB597 treatment. However, both URB597 and JZL184 treatments abolished the increased TNF-α level either they are administered systemically or locally. These results indicate that FAAH and MAGL inhibition may have a protective effect in airway inflammation and airway hyperreactivity, and therefore their therapeutic potential for airway diseases should be further investigated.

Subject headings

MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP  -- Medicinska och farmaceutiska grundvetenskaper (hsv//swe)

MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP  -- Klinisk medicin (hsv//swe)

MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES  -- Basic Medicine (hsv//eng)

MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES  -- Clinical Medicine (hsv//eng)

Keyword

Amidohydrolases

antagonists & inhibitors

Animals

Arachidonic Acids

metabolism

Benzamides

pharmacology

Benzodioxoles

pharmacology

Carbamates

pharmacology

Cytokines

drug effects

Endocannabinoids

metabolism

Glycerides

metabolism

Inflammation

drug therapy

Lipopolysaccharides

pharmacology

Lung

physiopathology

Male

Mice

Monoacylglycerol Lipases

antagonists & inhibitors

Piperidines

pharmacology

Pneumonia

chemically induced

drug therapy

Polyunsaturated Alkamides

metabolism

Respiratory Hypersensitivity

drug therapy

Publication and Content Type

ref (subject category)

art (subject category)