Impact of rising tropospheric ozone on potato: effects on photosynthesis, growth, productivity and yield quality

• In view of its importance for human nutrition, the European Commission funded a collaborative research programme (1998-99) to evaluate the impact of future increases in atmospheric ozone (O-3) and carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations on yield and tuber quality in potato (Solanum tuberosum L.). This was the first large-scale open-top chamber project to provide field-based data spanning a wide range of European climatic conditions and ozone concentrations for a widely used cultivar, cv. Bintje. Intensive measurements of physiological and developmental effects were made throughout crop growth to improve the mechanistic understanding of the processes involved. Analysis of the experimental results and modelling work based on the extensive database revealed that the increasing tropospheric O-3 concentrations predicted under future climatic scenarios in Europe are likely to reduce tuber yield in potato. However, season-long exposure to elevated O-3 had both beneficial and detrimental effects on tuber quality. Most of the significant physiological and growth effects occurred during the later stages of crop development, when elevated O-3 reduced photosynthesis and promoted senescence. The observed changes in the quality and nutritional attributes of tubers, such as decreased content of reducing sugars and increased nitrogen concentrations, may be attributable to reduced carbohydrate allocation.

Ämnesord

NATURVETENSKAP  -- Biologi (hsv//swe)

NATURAL SCIENCES  -- Biological Sciences (hsv//eng)

Nyckelord

Solanum tuberosum L.

AOT40

CHIP

climate change

critical levels

open-top chambers

O-3

ozone flux

stomatal conductance

ELEVATED CARBON-DIOXIDE

SOLANUM-TUBEROSUM L.

OPEN-TOP CHAMBERS

BISPHOSPHATE CARBOXYLASE OXYGENASE

EUROPEAN CHIP-PROGRAM

AIR-POLLUTION INJURY

SPRING WHEAT

NET PHOTOSYNTHESIS

EXPOSURE

REGIMES

SULFUR-DIOXIDE

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