Oral pilocarpine for treatment of opioid-induced oral dryness in healthy adults.

• Pilocarpine induces a profuse flow of saliva when administered orally, but effects on drug-induced oral dryness have not been examined. The aim of this trial was to investigate if pilocarpine increases production of saliva in individuals suffering from dry mouth due to treatment with opioids. Sixty-five individuals were enrolled in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. The subjects received tramadol (50 mg t.d.s.) to induce oral dryness, and were thereafter assigned to one of three groups. Secretion rate of saliva was measured before and after tramadol, and after the oral administration of pilocarpine (5 mg), placebo, or no treatment. Baseline characteristics did not differ among the groups (mean +/- SEM: 0.37 +/- 0.06 mL/min), and tramadol lowered the secretion at the same level in all groups (0.15 +/- 0.02 mL/min). Pilocarpine increased the flow above that observed with placebo (0.66 +/- 0.19 vs. 0.15 +/- 0.02 mL/min). Thus, pilocarpine re-establishes the flow of saliva in the state of tramadol-induced oral dryness.

Ämnesord

MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP  -- Medicinska och farmaceutiska grundvetenskaper -- Farmakologi och toxikologi (hsv//swe)

MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES  -- Basic Medicine -- Pharmacology and Toxicology (hsv//eng)

MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP  -- Klinisk medicin -- Odontologi (hsv//swe)

MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES  -- Clinical Medicine -- Dentistry (hsv//eng)

Nyckelord

Administration

Oral

Adult

Analgesics

Opioid

adverse effects

Analysis of Variance

Double-Blind Method

Female

Humans

Male

Muscarinic Agonists

administration & dosage

therapeutic use

Pilocarpine

administration & dosage

therapeutic use

Placebos

Saliva

drug effects

secretion

Secretory Rate

drug effects

Tramadol

adverse effects

Xerostomia

chemically induced

drug therapy

Publikations- och innehållstyp

ref (ämneskategori)

art (ämneskategori)