Antiretroviral treatment of central nervous system HIV-1 infection: a review

• HIV-1 infects the central nervous system (CNS) and it has been feared that the CNS may be a sanctuary site where HIV-1 could hide and continue to replicate despite otherwise effective antiretroviral treatment. Neurological HIV-1 related symptoms, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) viral load, intrathecal immunoactivation and CSF drug concentration measurements are considered in this review of antiretroviral treatment effects on CNS HIV-1 infection. We conclude that antiretroviral combination treatment regimens improve neurocognitive symptoms in HIV-1 infection and substantially lower CSF viral load. The threat of an increasing number of patients with neurological symptoms and continued HIV-1 replication in the brain despite otherwise effective antiretroviral therapy has not yet proved to be a problem. It is, however, important to keep this potential risk in mind, and more longitudinal prospective studies addressing the issue of antiretroviral treatment effects on CNS HIV-1 infection are needed.

Ämnesord

MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP  -- Medicinska och farmaceutiska grundvetenskaper -- Mikrobiologi inom det medicinska området (hsv//swe)

MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES  -- Basic Medicine -- Microbiology in the medical area (hsv//eng)

Nyckelord

Anti-HIV Agents/cerebrospinal fluid/*therapeutic use

Central Nervous System/*virology

Central Nervous System Infections/cerebrospinal fluid/*drug

therapy/virology

HIV Infections/cerebrospinal fluid/*drug therapy

HIV-1/*pathogenicity

Humans

Viral Load

Publikations- och innehållstyp

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