Tyck till om SwePub Sök
här!
Sökning: id:"swepub:oai:lup.lub.lu.se:523b1aab-b37b-4fbd-b1e4-d666f1d69fbf" >
Strategy for Monito...
Strategy for Monitoring Organic Pollutants in Waste Water with Focus on Improved Sample Preparation
-
- Bergström, Staffan (författare)
- Lund University,Lunds universitet,Centrum för analys och syntes,Kemiska institutionen,Institutioner vid LTH,Lunds Tekniska Högskola,Centre for Analysis and Synthesis,Department of Chemistry,Departments at LTH,Faculty of Engineering, LTH
-
(creator_code:org_t)
- ISBN 9174221264
- 2006
- Engelska 179 s.
- Relaterad länk:
-
https://portal.resea... (primary) (free)
-
visa fler...
-
https://lup.lub.lu.s...
-
visa färre...
Abstract
Ämnesord
Stäng
- Strategy and methodology is presented for the analysis of organic pollutants, with the purpose of evaluating treatment procedures for landfill leachate. Today, many investigations of treatment procedures are focusing on the measurement of water quality parameters such as chemical and biochemical oxygen demand, (COD and BOD), and total organic carbon, (TOC) when assessing the organic compounds in waste waters. These parameters give an unclear picture of the actual organic constituents. A developed analytical protocol, the Laqua protocol, covers several classes of organic contaminants, including both polar and non-polar markers, as well as inorganic parameters. As markers for polar compounds some phenols are selected and for non-polar markers polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) and polybrominated diphenylethers (PBDE) are used. Unidentified markers are also followed to back up trends. The monitoring of individual compounds gave valuable information in understanding the processes in the treatment procedures. A toxicity test suitable for leachate water based on the crustacean Artemia Salina was also developed and included in the evaluation protocol. Combined with a simple fractionation of the leachate water, this test gave valuable information about the origin of the toxicity, which mainly originated from ammonium. The protocol was implemented and tested on a pilot plant for different treatment procedures in Kristianstad, Sweden. The bottle neck in the complicated analysis of organic pollutants is the expensive and resource demanding sample preparation step. In this thesis focus has been on developing automated, cost effective analytical procedures with sample preparation based on membrane technology. For PCBs, phthalates and organochlorine pesticides (OCP), automated procedures have been based on membrane-GC methodology, and for phenols an automated system, based on membrane-LC methodology, has been developed. A simple very efficient method based on disposable hollow fibre has been developed for the analysis of PBDE with GC-MS for final determination. All the developed methods dramatically decrease the time and effort spent on sample preparation, and demand only a very small fraction of organic solvents compared to conventional methods. The developed methods have very good performance, and as an example PCB extracted from 1 ml sample in 10 minutes gave detection limits of 2 - 3 ng/l, and relative standard deviations (RSD) at 0.1 µg/l of 1.6 - 5.0 % for all ten PCB congeners investigated.
Ämnesord
- NATURVETENSKAP -- Kemi -- Analytisk kemi (hsv//swe)
- NATURAL SCIENCES -- Chemical Sciences -- Analytical Chemistry (hsv//eng)
Nyckelord
- Miljökemi
- Environmental chemistry
- Analytisk kemi
- Analytical chemistry
- Membrane extraction
- Sample preparation
- Organic pollutants
- Monitoring strategy
- Landfill leachate
Publikations- och innehållstyp
- dok (ämneskategori)
- vet (ämneskategori)
Hitta via bibliotek
Till lärosätets databas