Biodiversity at multiple trophic levels is needed for ecosystem multifunctionality

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Biodiversity at multiple trophic levels is needed for ecosystem multifunctionality

Soliveres, Santiago (författare): University of Bern

Van Der Plas, Fons (författare): University of Bern,Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre

Manning, Peter (författare): University of Bern,Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre

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Prati, Daniel (författare): University of Bern

Gossner, Martin M. (författare): Friedrich Schiller University Jena,Technical University of Munich

Renner, Swen C. (författare): Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute,University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna

Alt, Fabian (författare): University of Tübingen

Arndt, Hartmut (författare): University of Cologne

Baumgartner, Vanessa (författare): Leibniz Institute German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures (DSMZ)

Binkenstein, Julia (författare): Albert-Ludwigs University Freiburg

Birkhofer, Klaus (författare): Lund University,Lunds universitet,Biodiversitet,Biologiska institutionen,Naturvetenskapliga fakulteten,Biodiversity,Department of Biology,Faculty of Science

Blaser, Stefan (författare): University of Bern

Blüthgen, Nico (författare): Technical University of Darmstadt

Boch, Steffen (författare): University of Bern

Böhm, Stefan (författare): University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna

Börschig, Carmen (författare): University of Göttingen

Buscot, Francois (författare): German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv),Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research (UFZ)

Diekötter, Tim (författare): University of Kiel

Heinze, Johannes (författare): Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research,University of Potsdam

Hölzel, Norbert (författare): University of Münster

Jung, Kirsten (författare): University of Ulm

Klaus, Valentin H. (författare): University of Münster

Kleinebecker, Till (författare): University of Münster

Klemmer, Sandra (författare): Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research (UFZ)

Krauss, Jochen (författare): Julius Maximilian University of Würzburg

Lange, Markus (författare): Technical University of Munich,Friedrich Schiller University Jena,Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry

Morris, E. Kathryn (författare): Xavier University Cincinnati,Free University of Berlin

Müller, Jörg (författare): University of Potsdam

Oelmann, Yvonne (författare): University of Tübingen

Overmann, Jörg (författare): Leibniz Institute German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures (DSMZ)

Pašalić, Esther (författare): Technical University of Munich,Friedrich Schiller University Jena

Rillig, Matthias C. (författare): Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research,Free University of Berlin

Schaefer, H. Martin (författare): Albert-Ludwigs University Freiburg

Schloter, Michael (författare): Helmholtz Zentrum München

Schmitt, Barbara (författare): University of Bern

Schöning, Ingo (författare): Friedrich Schiller University Jena,Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry

Schrumpf, Marion (författare): Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry

Sikorski, Johannes (författare): Leibniz Institute German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures (DSMZ)

Socher, Stephanie A. (författare): University of Salzburg

Solly, Emily F. (författare): Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research,Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry

Sonnemann, Ilja (författare): Free University of Berlin

Sorkau, Elisabeth (författare): University of Tübingen

Steckel, Juliane (författare): Julius Maximilian University of Würzburg

Steffan-Dewenter, Ingolf (författare): Julius Maximilian University of Würzburg

Stempfhuber, Barbara (författare): Helmholtz Zentrum München

Tschapka, Marco (författare): Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute,University of Ulm

Türke, Manfred (författare): German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv),Leipzig University,Technical University of Munich,Friedrich Schiller University Jena

Venter, Paul C. (författare): University of Cologne

Weiner, Christiane N. (författare): Technical University of Darmstadt

Weisser, Wolfgang W. (författare): Friedrich Schiller University Jena,Technical University of Munich

Werner, Michael (författare): Julius Maximilian University of Würzburg

Westphal, Catrin (författare): University of Göttingen

Wilcke, Wolfgang (författare): Karlsruhe Institute of Technology

Wolters, Volkmar (författare): Justus Liebig University Giessen

Wubet, Tesfaye (författare): Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research (UFZ),German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv)

Wurst, Susanne (författare): Free University of Berlin

Fischer, Markus (författare): Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre,University of Bern

Allan, Eric (författare): University of Bern

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(creator_code:org_t)

2016-08-17
2016
Engelska 4 s.
Ingår i: Nature. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0028-0836 .- 1476-4687. ; 536:7617, s. 456-459

Relaterad länk:: http://dx.doi.org/10...; visa fler...; https://lup.lub.lu.s...; https://doi.org/10.1...; visa färre...

Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)

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Many experiments have shown that loss of biodiversity reduces the capacity of ecosystems to provide the multiple services on which humans depend. However, experiments necessarily simplify the complexity of natural ecosystems and will normally control for other important drivers of ecosystem functioning, such as the environment or land use. In addition, existing studies typically focus on the diversity of single trophic groups, neglecting the fact that biodiversity loss occurs across many taxa and that the functional effects of any trophic group may depend on the abundance and diversity of others. Here we report analysis of the relationships between the species richness and abundance of nine trophic groups, including 4,600 above- and below-ground taxa, and 14 ecosystem services and functions and with their simultaneous provision (or multifunctionality) in 150 grasslands. We show that high species richness in multiple trophic groups (multitrophic richness) had stronger positive effects on ecosystem services than richness in any individual trophic group; this includes plant species richness, the most widely used measure of biodiversity. On average, three trophic groups influenced each ecosystem service, with each trophic group influencing at least one service. Multitrophic richness was particularly beneficial for 'regulating' and 'cultural' services, and for multifunctionality, whereas a change in the total abundance of species or biomass in multiple trophic groups (the multitrophic abundance) positively affected supporting services. Multitrophic richness and abundance drove ecosystem functioning as strongly as abiotic conditions and land-use intensity, extending previous experimental results to real-world ecosystems. Primary producers, herbivorous insects and microbial decomposers seem to be particularly important drivers of ecosystem functioning, as shown by the strong and frequent positive associations of their richness or abundance with multiple ecosystem services. Our results show that multitrophic richness and abundance support ecosystem functioning, and demonstrate that a focus on single groups has led to researchers to greatly underestimate the functional importance of biodiversity.

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Av författaren/redakt...: Soliveres, Santi ...; Van Der Plas, Fo ...; Manning, Peter; Prati, Daniel; Gossner, Martin ...; Renner, Swen C.; visa fler...; Alt, Fabian; Arndt, Hartmut; Baumgartner, Van ...; Binkenstein, Jul ...; Birkhofer, Klaus; Blaser, Stefan; Blüthgen, Nico; Boch, Steffen; Böhm, Stefan; Börschig, Carmen; Buscot, Francois; Diekötter, Tim; Heinze, Johannes; Hölzel, Norbert; Jung, Kirsten; Klaus, Valentin ...; Kleinebecker, Ti ...; Klemmer, Sandra; Krauss, Jochen; Lange, Markus; Morris, E. Kathr ...; Müller, Jörg; Oelmann, Yvonne; Overmann, Jörg; Pašalić, Esther; Rillig, Matthias ...; Schaefer, H. Mar ...; Schloter, Michae ...; Schmitt, Barbara; Schöning, Ingo; Schrumpf, Marion; Sikorski, Johann ...; Socher, Stephani ...; Solly, Emily F.; Sonnemann, Ilja; Sorkau, Elisabet ...; Steckel, Juliane; Steffan-Dewenter ...; Stempfhuber, Bar ...; Tschapka, Marco; Türke, Manfred; Venter, Paul C.; Weiner, Christia ...; Weisser, Wolfgan ...; Werner, Michael; Westphal, Catrin; Wilcke, Wolfgang; Wolters, Volkmar; Wubet, Tesfaye; Wurst, Susanne; Fischer, Markus; Allan, Eric; visa färre...

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Biodiversity at multiple trophic levels is needed for ecosystem multifunctionality

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