Post-gastrectomy osteopenia in the rat: bone structure is preserved by retaining 10%-30% of the oxyntic gland area.

• Background: The acid-producing part of the rat stomach (fundus) is rich in endocrine cells, i.e. ECL cells and A-like cells. The ECL cells operate under gastrin control and manufacture histamine, the chromogranin-derived peptide pancreastatin and an unidentified peptide hormone. The A-like cells produce ghrelin, a newly discovered growth hormone-releasing hormone. Surgical removal of the entire glandular stomach (gastrectomy, Gx) or the acid-producing part (fundectomy, Fx) causes osteopenia, which is striking in the calvaria. We speculate that the osteopenia develops after surgical removal of the fundus, because the fundus hosts agents that preserve bone. This study examines how much of the fundus is needed to preserve normal skull bone. Methods: Increasing portions of the fundus were resected surgically. The serum gastrin, ghrelin and pancreastatin concentrations were measured. The rats were killed after 10 weeks and the calvariae were subjected to transillumination analysis and quantitative histomorphometry. Results: Fx elevated serum gastrin in proportion to the amount of fundus resected, i.e., the more fundus that was resected, the higher the serum gastrin concentration. Serum ghrelin and pancreastatin concentrations were reduced proportionally to the amount of fundus resected. In rats subjected to 90% or 100% Fx, the calvariae displayed the anticipated pattern of bone loss. No bone loss was seen when 70% or less of the fundus was resected. Conclusions: The results of the present study indicate that 10%-30% of the fundic mucosa is needed to preserve bone. The Gx/Fx-evoked osteopenia may be explained by hormonal deficiency caused by surgically eliminating or diminishing one of the endocrine cell populations in the fundic mucosa.

Ämnesord

MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP  -- Klinisk medicin -- Gastroenterologi (hsv//swe)

MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES  -- Clinical Medicine -- Gastroenterology and Hepatology (hsv//eng)

Nyckelord

Male

Gastric Fundus: metabolism

Gastric Fundus: surgery

Gastric Mucosa: pathology

Gastrins: blood

Growth Hormone: blood

Gastrectomy: methods

Metabolic: pathology

Gastrectomy: adverse effects

Rats

Peptides: blood

Gastric: metabolism

Pancreatic Hormones: blood

Parietal Cells

Sprague-Dawley

Skull: metabolism

Skull: pathology

Support

Non-U.S. Gov't

Metabolic: metabolism

Bone Diseases

Metabolic: etiology

Animal

Publikations- och innehållstyp

art (ämneskategori)

ref (ämneskategori)