| 1. |
- Holmberg, Ylva
(författare)
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Musikskap : musikstunders didaktik i förskolepraktiker
- 2014
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Studiens syfte är att genom ett didaktiskt närmande beskriva och analysera musikstunder i förskolepraktiker. Studiens syfte är också att på en vetenskaplig grund spåra och utpröva begrepp som kan beteckna och fånga musikstundernas figuration, i detta fall en beskrivning av fenomenet som leder till ett didaktiskt begrepp. Som teoretisk resurs prövas begrepp inom ramen för musikdidaktisk teori, bildningsteori och musicking-teori. Empiri har genererats genom videoobservation på tre anonymiserade förskolor, en dag i veckan under åtta månader. Det har genererat 46 filmade musikstunder. Ett centrerat innehåll under musikstunderna, handlar främst om lärande i och med musik, mindre om och genom musik. Musikstundernas innehåll framstår som sporadisk och fragmentarisk, musik för stunden, men också som spontant improviserad musik i stunden. En del av till exempel musikens grundelement bearbetas. Musikstunden kan tolkas röra sig mellan en materiell och formell bildningsteori. Ibland är musiken som objekt i fokus, ibland är barnen i fokus, men musikstunder där pedagogerna fokuserar på samspelet mellan musiken och barnen, ett arbete i enlighet med en kategoriell teori är mindre ofta framträdande. Iscensättande handlar sammanfattningsvis om att musikstundernas igångspel och avslut ibland sker genom musik, men för det mesta sker det i form av talad instruktion (mer eller mindre lekfullt). Sång är ofta av reproducerande karaktär, instrumentspel är oftast av improviserande karaktär och rörelsen har såväl reproducerande som improviserande karaktär. För att synliggöra aktörskap i musikstunderna har jag spårat aktörerna, eller som jag i detta musikpedagogiska sammanhang kallar för spelare. Spelarna, det vill säga barnen, pedagogerna och musiken kan tolkas ha olika former av aktörskap, de kan vara igångsättande solister, medspelare, samspelare och/eller motspelare. Genom avhandlingsarbetet formuleras och prövas även musikskap som konstrueras som en resurs för reflektion kring musikstunder. Musikskap, där musiken är en länk i en sammanflätad process, säger sammanhållet något om vad som händer i musikstunder som figuration. Begreppet påverkas även av en mer övergripande syn på vad musik görs till och vad pedagogerna lägger sitt fokus på så som musiken, barn/process eller mötet. Musikskap kan sägas ha tre spår, vilka fokuserar musikstundernas innehåll, form och aktörskap. Den innehållsliga dimensionen handlar om möjliggörande att lära i, om, med och genom musik. Den formmässiga dimensionen handlar om ett iscensättande av musikstundens process, olika aktiviteter, form och tillvägagångssätt. Den tredje dimensionen fokuserar hur det, under musikstunden inte enbart är barnen och pedagogerna som är aktörer, utan även musiken har med sin kraft att påverka aktörskap. Begreppet musikskap koncentreras till att handla om • innehåll som rörelse mellan linjär och icke-linjär riktning. Mellan innehåll som objekt och innehåll som rörelse i riktning, ej fastställt innehåll och rörliga mål. • iscensättande där musik och form för musikstundens aktiviteter (sång, spel och rörelse) varieras i samspel mellan exempelvis reproducerande och improviserande form. • aktörskap i rörelse mellan olika spelare, igång-, med-, sam- och motspelare. Musikstunden som nätverk bestående av aktörer, där alla tre aktörerna, barnen, pedagogerna och musiken har aktörskap. Musikskap kan ses som något som öppnar upp för ett sätt att kritiskt och möjligen även kreativt förhålla sig till musikstunder, inriktat på process och ständig tillblivelse som en form av musikrelaterad gestaltning. En sammanfogning för både frigörande och styrande relationer i nätverk. Ett begrepp som rör sig mellan det faktiska och det som möjligen kan bli, öppnande för analys av och förståelse för musikstunder.
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| 2. |
- Johansson, M., 1975-
(författare)
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I moderskapets skugga : berättelser om normativa ideal och alternativa praktiker
- 2014
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This study explores the relationship between ideals of motherhood and heterosexual normativity, from the perspective of women at the margins of these discourses. The title, In the shadow of Motherhood, illustrates the overriding power of the image of motherhood to marginalise alternative experiences. The concept of motherhood, like that of Family, has traditionally signalled the reproduction of the normative; it does not usually encompass the critical scrutiny that would allow for diverse experiences of mothering.Theoretically, the study is located within the fields of feminist sociology and inclusive family studies in productive dialogue with queer notions of gender and sexuality. Methodologically, it is inspired by narrative analysis and consists of in-depth interviews with eight lesbian, bisexual and heterosexual women grappling with different experiences of motherhood and mothering practices. Some of them identify as mothers while others do not, but by not being biogenetic mothers within a heterosexual relationship they share the position of being outside of what is often considered normal, natural and desirable. The analysis reveals a considerable variation in the positions,experiences and identities of the participants, particularly in regards to changes over time, which cannot be reduced to binary categories such as heterosexual/lesbian, biological/non-biological, mother/childless or voluntary/involuntary childlessness. The analysis also exposes a deep tension between ideologies of motherhood and lived experiences of care practices. Furthermore, from the perspective of the participants, the boundaries between inclusion and exclusion reinforce and challenge each other, creating spaces of both individual and collective resistance. The study illuminates the need to shift the location of these experiences from the margins to the centre not only in sociological research of family and gender, but also within feminist sociology.
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| 3. |
- Lindström, Kristina, et al.
(författare)
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Patchworking publics-in-the-making : design, media and public engagement
- 2014
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Konstnärligt arbete (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This is a collaborative practice-based thesis by publication written across two disciplines: interaction design, and media and communication studies. Based on Threads – a Mobile Sewing Circle, a travelling exhibition in which participants are invited to embroider an SMS by hand and with an embroidery machine connected to a mobile phone, this thesis puts forward the concept of publics-in-the-making. The potentialities of publics-in-the-making is explored through the figuration of patchworking. Patchworking has, for example, been used in the writing of this thesis and in the composition of Threads. As a method, patchworking ways of knowing should be understood as a response to a widespread call across disciplines for new ways of knowing mess and complexities in technological society. We are in dialogue here especially with those engaged with new feminist materialism, the material turn, and posthumanities. More specifically, patchworking ways of knowing means knowing through collective interventions and staying with such interventions. In this thesis patchworking is used to explore and speculate on the potentialities of publics-in-the-making, publics that emerge out of making things together, in which actors and issues are not pre-set but in the making. This kind of public engagement in issues of living with technologies is proposed as part of a larger repertoire of designerly public engagement that happens within participatory design, media archaeology, critical making and speculative design. Drawing on American pragmatism and feminist technoscience, we argue that everyday living with technologies makes us entangled and implicated in diverse issues characterised by multiple uncertainties. Given that it is not always possible to know what the concern is, who is concerned, and how it could be addressed, making is explored both in terms of its potential to bring humans and nonhumans together, and as a mode of engaging with issues related to living with technologies. Publics-in-the-making is thereby put forward as publics that gather because of a shared area of curiosity, rather than an emergency, and where issues are co-articulated in the making. While these co-articulated issues are rarely resolved, we argue that the making in Threads becomes a way of practising caring curiosity towards ongoing and emerging issues related to living with technologies. Publics-in-the-making should not be understood as an argument against other kinds of public engagement, but as complementary, since all handle different aspects of living with technologies. In line with most practice-based research, we argue that method and that which is explored cannot be separated. This means that method and problem emerge together, or are made together. In this case the patchworking ways of knowing have been used to speculate on and to explore potentialities of publics-in-the-making. The patchworking of Threads is thereby both the method and that which is explored and speculated upon. Through patchworking publics-in-the-making we build on and contribute to re-patternings and re-imaginations of interaction design and communication studies through a turn to feminist technoscience. We are thus able to explore multiple temporalities, issues of linearity and discreteness, and concerns around human-centeredness - as well as the ethics of such boundary-making. This thesis works simultaneously with several temporalities: that which is at hand, as well as that which is yet to come.
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| 4. |
- Tucker, Jason
(författare)
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Challenging the tyranny of citizenship : statelessness in Lebanon
- 2014
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- There are seventeen million people in the world who are stateless, not considered as citizens by any state. They suffer due to the current function of citizenship in the nation-state system, occupying a legal space outside of the system, yet, their lives are very much blighted by the system itself. This research examines the possibility that global citizenship could be a means to address statelessness. Global citizenship, unlike (national) citizenship, is, in theory, inclusive, and membership is based on our shared humanity. However, when approaching the global citizenship literature, two concerns became apparent. First, there is a significant lack of theorisation on the stateless in the discourse, and second, some scholars make the assumption that a global citizen has citizenship of a state – which the stateless do not. To begin to overcome these concerns, this research develops and implements a stateless centric perspective on global citizenship, using it to analyse the situation of the stateless in the case of Lebanon. The stateless centric approach developed here, views global citizenship through the actions and perspectives of those addressing statelessness. With four large and protracted stateless populations, Lebanon provides an empirically rich context, within which to undertake this research. The findings of the stateless centric perspective problematise the received wisdom of citizenship, the nation-state and allows for the exploration of the expressions and tensions in the practices of global citizenship. Drawing on a contextualised understanding of these practices, a ‘patchwork’ approach to global citizenship is proposed. This sees the creation of a public political space as an act of global citizenship, when it draws on universal principles. These universal principles are used to justify this space, taking on an instrumental role. It is a patchwork as these spaces can be seen in the wider global context, as either directly or indirectly connected, through their shared use of universal principles. By centralising the stateless in our conceptualisations of the nation-state, citizenship and global citizenship, the value of taking a stateless centric perspective, and its ability to draw out further nuances in the debate, is shown.
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| 5. |
- Zachrison, Mozhgan
(författare)
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Invisible voices : understanding the sociocultural influences on adult migrantsʼ second language learning and communicative interaction
- 2014
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This dissertation is a qualitative study exploring the sociocultural influences on adult migrants’ second language learning and the communicative interaction through which they use the language. Guided by a theoretical perspective based on the concepts of life-world, habitus, social capital, symbolic honor, game, and the idea of the interrelatedness of learning and using a second language, this study aims to understand how migrants’ everyday life context, attachments to the home country, and ethnic affiliations affect the motivation for and attitude towards learning and using Swedish as a second language. Furthermore, the study explores in what way the context within which the language is taught and learned might affect the language development of adult migrants.The research questions of the study focus on both the institutional context, that is to say, what happened in a particular classroom where the study observations took place, and a migrant perspective based on the participants’ experiences of living in Sweden, learning the language and using it. Semi-structured interviews, informal conversational interviews, and classroom observations have been used as strategies to obtain qualitative data.The findings suggest that most of the participants experience feelings of non-belonging and otherness both in the classroom context and outside the classroom when they use the language. These feelings of non-belonging make the ties to other ethnic establishments stronger and lead to isolation from the majority society. The feelings of otherness, per se, are not only related to a pedagogical context that advocates monoculturalism but are also rooted in the migrants' life-world, embedded in dreams of going back to the home country, while forging a constant relation to ethnic networks, and in the practice of not using the Swedish language as frequently in the everyday life context as would be needed for their language development.
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