| 1. |
- Bergner, Petter, 1981-
(författare)
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Med historien som motståndare : SKP/VPK/V och det kommunistiska arvet 1956-2006
- 2013
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This dissertation concerns Sveriges Kommunistiska Parti (SKP) [the Swedish Communist Party] – in 1967 renamed Vänsterpartiet kommunisterna (VPK) [the Left Party – the Communists] and in 1990 renamed Vänsterpartiet (V) [the Left Party] – and the Party's process of coming to terms with history and its communist legacy. The aim of the study is to describe and analyse the SKP/VPK/V's process of coming to terms with history for the period 1956-2006, and to set out and problematise the driving forces and constraining mechanisms of this process. The theoretical framework of the study consists of Gunnar Sjöblom’s theory about party strategies of political parties in multi-party systems and Michael Freeden’s conceptual approach to ideology analysis. During the period of study the SKP/VPK/V has, like no other political party in Sweden, been ascribed historical guilt regarding its own party history but also regarding the effects of world communism. The Party has thus found itself in a situation where it has had history as an adversary. The process of coming to terms with history has mainly revolved around three issues: independence (1956-1977), international ties (1977-1989) and a broadening beyond the communist tradition (1986-2006). The internal debate within the Party has linked these issues to calls for change aimed at ridding the party of what is considered undesirable elements of the Communist legacy. By analysing the arguments pursued in favour of these calls, it is possible to pick out a number of the driving forces behind the Party's process of coming to terms with history, namely an ambition to obtain vote maximisation, programme realisation and maximisation of parliamentary influence. The urge to distance the Party from certain aspects of its communist past has thus been related to fundamental goals that political parties in multi-party systems seek to obtain. The results of the dissertation show that it is possible to pick out five main constraining mechanisms in the Party's process of coming to terms with history. 1) The safeguarding of Party cohesion. 2) The safeguarding of the distinctive character of the Party. 3) The need to resist external pressure. 4) The desire to avoid unfair apportioning of blame. 5) The safeguarding of the right to define the substance of one's own ideology. The existence of these constraining mechanisms help to explain why the process of coming to terms with history lingered on for several decades, and also why it seems to have been a process of such complexity for the Swedish Communist and Post-Communist Party.
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| 3. |
- Hultén, Peter, 1965-
(författare)
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Managing a cross-institutional setting : a case study of a Western firm's subsidiary in the Ukraine
- 2002
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This study explores the development of a Western firm's subsidiary in the Ukraine and sets out to contribute to the theoretical development about the managing of subsidiaries in the Post-Soviet market. The cross-institutional approach to analyse the subsidiary has been adopted to explore influence from the institutional setting of the parent firm and from local institutions. In the theoretical framework, special attention is directed to studies analysing the challenges that Western firms encounter when operating in the Post-Soviet market. Institutional theory therefore serves as a framework for theories on market entries, networks and management transfers.The empirical study is based on a case study conducted in connection to a training project for local employees of a Western firm's subsidiary operating in the Ukraine. Besides being a source of inspiration, the training project provided good access to respondents and insights about the challenges that the subsidiary faced.The analysis shows that the introduction of the Western firm's management in the subsidiary reflects in the local employees' forming of identities. A clear pattern is that local employees' development of identities in line with the Western firm's norms is supported by socialisation in settings dominated by the Western firm. A setting dominated by conflicts between Western and local norms, in contrast, resulted in developments of conflict identities. The analysis of the subsidiary's managing of influences from the local institutional setting indicates that this concerned filtering. Striking was that the subsidiary was successful in managing influences when the filtering conditions were characterised by consonance. Looking into aspects making the filtering of external influences difficult, the analysis points out barter trade and local actors' boundary spanning towards authorities in the Ukrainian society as aspects creating dissonances and vacuum. Thus, influences characterised by dissonance and/or vacuum made it particularly difficult for the subsidiary to manage these influences.One of the major contributions of this thesis is the cross-institutional approach to analyse developments in a subsidiary in the Post-Soviet market. By applying this approach the study suggests that the managing of a cross-institutional setting concerns both internal and external boundary spanning. Of vital importance for the internal boundary spanning are issues influencing local employees' forming of a 'we' with the Western firm's representatives. The standpoint is that this concerns local employees' identity identification, which is a new perspective on management transfers towards a subsidiary in the Post-Soviet market. Concerning the managing of external boundary spanning, the study points towards the importance of observing local actors' ways of dealing with dissonances and vacuum in local networks.
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| 4. |
- Koivunen, Anu, 1967-
(författare)
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When there was a future : negotiating post-communist melancholia
- 2014
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- For Finnish cultural memory, remembering the 1970s entails engaging with the complex effects of the Cold War, most painfully, the complicated relationship of Finland with Soviet Union: The Agreement of Friendship, Cooperation, and Mutual Assistance (1948–1992) and the political leverage Soviet Union de facto gained in the internal affairs of Finland, formally a Western democracy. Not only did this inform political structures, media and the public sphere at large, but also the new social and political movements and, most spectacularly, the post-1968 leftist radicalism that in Finland epitomized in the so called Taistoism: an orthodox pro-Soviet grouping and an internal opposition within Eurocommunist Finnish Communist Movement.In this paper, I discuss Finnish documentaries that address the 1970s communist and socialist activism, focusing on their aesthetic and political strategies in articulating cultural memory, coming to terms with time as disjunctive and, hence, resisting what has been termed left melancholy. Looking at a subjective documentary (Uncle Lenin lives in Russia/Lenin-setä asuu Venäjällä by Kanerva Cederström 1987), an autoethnography (Once upon a time there was a utopia/Olipa kerran Utopia by Lasse Naukkarinen 2004), a musical documentary Revolution (Kenen joukoissa seisot by Jouko Aaltonen, 2006) and a historical documentary (Oh dear Finland/Oi kallis Suomenmaa by Peter von Bagh 1997) I investigate how they negotiate ideological, political and moral controversy by staging affective history. That is, how they, employing archival aesthetics and popular political songs of the 1970s, invoke a past structure of feeling or what Jacques Rancière calls “the distribution of the sensible”, the common sense. At the same time, however, this reframing of the past in new “documentary fiction” (Rancière) is also a political act and, potentially, an act of dissensus that introduces “a conflict between sensory presentation and a way of making sense of it”. Drawing from Rancière’s notions, I discuss the documentaries as attempts to invent new subjects and speaking positions instead of remaining silent and marginalized by political melancholia. With this paper, I wish to make a contribution to the field of studies on post-communism, documentary studies as well as to studies of cultural memory and of cinema as politics.
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| 7. |
- Wästerfors, David
(författare)
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Grått, tråkigt, totalkriminellt? Diplomatiska beskrivningar av Polen – en fallstudie
- 2000
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Ingår i: Statsvetenskaplig tidskrift. - 0039-0747. ; :2, s. 97-114
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Den omtalade globaliseringen förknippas inte bara med snabba finansiella rörelser utan också med ökat antal möten mellan etniska och nationella grupper. Beskrivningen av en sådan ökad kommunikation är ett stående inslag i såväl debatt (Martin & Schumann 1997) som samhällsvetenskaplig teoridiskussion (Bauman 1998, Beck 1998). Samtidigt anses det etniska identitetsbegreppet ha försvagats eller fragmentariserats (Alsmark 1997) och förvirring eller nyskapande uppstår även hos enskilda individer. Mot denna bakgrund blir etnisk eller nationell ”bildpolitik” intressant; det strategiska laborerandet av nationella beskrivningar. När den etniska och nationella kakofonin tilltar avkrävs personer på mellanstatliga eller interkulturella positioner en alltmer sofistikerad kompetens att presentera trovärdiga beskrivningar av nationella eller etniska enheter, och punktera felaktiga. Beskrivningar eller bilder krävs för att fylla en efterfrågan på kunskap, vars grundfrågor är ”hur är vi?” och ”hur är de andra?”. Sådan kunskap kan sedan fungera som grund för handling samtidigt som kunskapsproduktionen i sig är en handling. Syftet med denna studie är att beskriva och tolka den praktiska och återberättade bildpolitik som urskiljs i ett fall: en intervju med en svensk beskickningschef i Polen. Under intervjun laborerar den intervjuade med olika bilder av Polen och Sverige. Studien belyser en ”kulturell översättare” vars position blir allt viktigare i takt med att Sverige får fler förbindelser med Polen och övriga Öst- och Centraleuropa. Polen har från svensk synvinkel återupptäckts under de senaste åren, framför allt ur företagar- och handelssynpunkt. Studiens tolkning sker mot bakgrund av en kvalitativ undersökning där 15 personer har intervjuats som helt eller delvis arbetar i Polen eller Tjeckien.
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| 8. |
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Postcolonial and postsocialist dialogues : intersections, opacities, challenges in feminist theorizing and practice
- 2021. - 1
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (refereegranskat)abstract
- Through staging dialogues between scholars, activists and artists from a variety of disciplinary, geographical and historical specializations, Postcolonial and Postsocialist Dialogues explores the possible resonances and dissonances between the postcolonial and the postsocialist in feminist theorizing and practice. While postcolonial and postsocialist perspectives have been explored in feminist studies, the two analytics tend to be viewed separately. This volume brings together attempts to understand if and how postcolonial and postsocialist dimensions of the human condition - historical, existential, political, and ideological - intersect and correlate in feminist experiences, identities, and struggles. In the three sections that probe the intersections, opacities and challenges between the two discourses, the authors put under pressure what postcolonialism and postsocialism mean for feminist scholarship and activism. The contributions address the emergence of new political and cultural formations as well as circuits of bodies and capital in post-Cold War and postcolonial era in currently re-emerging neo-colonial and imperial conflicts. They engage with issues of gender, sexuality, race, migration, diasporas, indigeneity, and disability, while also developing new analytical tools such as postsocialist precarity, queer postsocialist coloniality, uneventful feminism, feminist opacity, feminist queer crip epistemologies. The collection will be of interest for postcolonial and postsocialist researchers, students of gender studies, feminist activists and scholars
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| 9. |
- Danjoux, Olivier
(författare)
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L'Etat, c'est pas moi : Reframing citizenship(s) in the Baltic republics
- 2002
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This book speaks to readers with a particular interest in the Baltic states as well as to those with a broader interest in post-communist democratization and citizenship. The notion of citizenship has not been prominent in academic perspectives on post-communism. This study aims at bringing citizenship back into these perspectives. Starting from the idea that citizenship is both a condition of democracy and an indicator of the level of democracy in a given society, the author studies the extent to which theories of citizenship currently dominating political science account for the specific experience of people living in the Baltic countries. This study's theoretical bedrock is thus a critical overview of the republican, liberal and cultural conceptions of citizenship, done in relation to the historically specific nature of post-communism. The analytical instrument derived from this critical overview of theory is a two-dimensional model of citizenship called the Legacy and the Scruples. That model draws insights from, notably, linguistics and anthropology. It is applied to Baltic citizens' experiences of both communist and post-communist citizenships. Ruptures and continuities between these two kinds of citizenship are highlighted. This study argues that the current weakness of citizenship in the Baltic states is due not so much to difficulties in managing ethnic diversity (although such difficulties exist) than to more specifically political factors. These factors are linked to the ways citizenship and political power are conceived of and exercised in these countries.
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