| 1. |
- Rizell, Sara, 1963, et al.
(författare)
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45,X/46,XX karyotype mitigates the aberrant craniofacial morphology in Turner syndrome
- 2013
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Ingår i: European Journal of Orthodontics. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0141-5387 .- 1460-2210. ; 35:4, s. 467-474
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this project was to study the impact on craniofacial morphology from Turner syndrome (TS) karyotype, number of intact X chromosomal p-arms, and age as well as to compare craniofacial morphology in TS with healthy females. Lateral radiographs from 108 females with TS, ranging from 5.4 to 61.6 years, were analysed. The TS females were divided into four karyotype groups: 1. monosomy (45,X), 2. mosaic (45,X/46,XX), 3. isochromosome, and 4. other, as well as according to the number of intact X chromosomal p-arms. The karyotype was found to have an impact on craniofacial growth, where the mosaic group, with presence of 46,XX cell lines, seems to exhibit less mandibular retrognathism as well as fewer statistically significant differences compared to the reference group than the 45,X karyotype. Isochromosomes had more significant differences versus the reference group than 45,X/46,XX but fewer than 45,X. To our knowledge, this is the first time the 45,X/46,XX and isochromosome karyotypes are divided into separate groups studying craniofacial morphology. Impact from p-arm was found on both maxillary and mandibular length. Compared to healthy females, TS expressed a shorter posterior and flattened cranial base, retrognathic, short and posteriorly rotated maxilla and mandible, increased height of ramus, and relatively shorter posterior facial height. The impact of age was found mainly on mandibular morphology since mandibular retrognathism and length were more discrepant in older TS females than younger.
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| 2. |
- Rizell, Sara, 1963, et al.
(författare)
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Palatal height and dental arch dimensions in Turner syndrome karyotypes
- 2013
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Ingår i: European Journal of Orthodontics. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0141-5387 .- 1460-2210. ; 35:6, s. 841-847
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this project was to study the impact from Turner syndrome (TS) karyotype and age on dental arch morphology and palatal height and to compare the variables in TS with reference data from non-TS females with normal occlusion. Plaster casts from 76 females with TS (6-50 years) were analysed with respect to dentoalveolar arch dimensions and palatal height. The TS females were divided into the karyotype categories: i) 45, X ii) 45, X/46, XX iii) isochromosome, and iv) other. The 45, X/46, XX karyotype exhibited fewer statistically significant variables differing from the reference group compared with other karyotypes. TS females showed increased dentoalveolar depths, decreased maxillary but increased mandibular width, decreased posterior segments, and decreased mandibular circumference compared with the reference group. In opposition to previous reports, the palatal height did not differ compared with non-TS females. Age had an impact on nine of the variables. We conclude that the present dental arch deviations are reflecting the high frequency of malocclusions reported in TS and the subsequent need for orthodontic treatment, which might possibly be lower in the 45, X/46, XX karyotype. The palatal height did not differ from the reference group, but instead the narrow maxilla might contribute to an illusion of a higher palate. We therefore suggest using the nomination 'narrow palatal vault' instead of the commonly used term 'high palatal vault'.
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| 3. |
- Rizell, Sara, 1963, et al.
(författare)
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Turner syndrome isochromosome karyotype correlates with decreased dental crown width
- 2012
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Ingår i: European Journal of Orthodontics. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0141-5387 .- 1460-2210. ; 34:2, s. 213-218
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this project was to study possible influences of Turner syndrome (TS) karyotype and the number of X chromosomes with intact short arm (p-arm) on dental crown width. Primary and permanent mesio-distal crown width was measured on plaster casts from 112 TS females. The influence on crown width of four karyotypes: 1. monosomy (45,X), 2. mosaic (45,X/46,XX), 3. isochromosome, and 4. other, and the number of intact X chromosomal p-arms were investigated. In comparisons between karyotypes, statistically significant differences were found for isochromosome karyotype maxillary second premolars, canines, laterals, mandibular first premolars, and canines, indicating that this karyotype was the most divergent as shown by the most reduced crown width. When each karyotype group were compared versus controls, all teeth in the isochromosome group were significantly smaller than controls (P < 0.01-0.001). The 45,X/46,XX karyotype expressed fewer and smaller differences from controls, while 45,X individuals seemed to display an intermediate tooth width compared with 45,X/46,XX and isochromosomes. No significant difference in crown width was found comparing the groups with one or two intact X chromosomal p-arms. Both primary and permanent teeth proved to have a significantly smaller crown width in the entire group of TS females compared to healthy females. We conclude that the isochromosome group deviates most from other karyotypes and controls, exhibiting the smallest dental crown width, while individuals with 45,X/46,XX mosaicism seemed to have a less affected crown width. An influence of the number of intact p-arms on crown width could not be demonstrated in this study.
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| 4. |
- Sköld, Olle, 1983-
(författare)
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Documenting Videogame Communities : A Study of Community Production of Information in Social-Media Environments and its Implications for Videogame Preservation
- 2018
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Drawing on the disciplines of library and information studies and archival studies, this study seeks to explore the production of information in online videogame communities and to elucidate how such insights can offer practical and conceptual support to the knotty issue of how to preserve those sociocultural aspects of videogames that exist 'beyond' the code and audiovisual data resources of the videogame itself. This is accomplished in two principal moves: (i) by delving into the current state of socioculturally-focused videogame preservation and; (ii) by inquiring into the production of information carried out by videogame communities in what arguably is one of their most important interfaces of interaction—discussion forums, wikis, and other social-media services. The study is based on four papers (I–IV). Paper I develops the theoretical framework of the study on the basis of practice theory and document theory. Papers II and III report on field-studies of videogame-community information production in the context of two processes of importance in community social life: memory-making (II) and knowledge production (III). Paper IV offers a qualitative systematic review of videogame-archiving literature, allowing Papers I–III to be situated in an archival context. The study employs multiple methods and encompasses several empirical sites of inquiry and was inspired by the framework of exploratory research and of 'bricolage' research strategies.The results of the study add to the present state of knowledge on how information in the social-media environments of the large and influential present-day videogaming domain emerges as a result of community practices of production, and how videogame-community social life is entangled with information production in such spaces. The study also furthers archival inquiry on the topic of videogame preservation by providing a description and analysis of what information objects videogame-related social media plausibly hold, and by what communal practices and processes they have been brought into existence. Furthermore, the study examines the consequences of collecting community-produced social media and framing it as documentation of the sociocultural aspects of videogames—a key issue in videogames preservation.
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