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Mediehistoriska vändningar
- 2014
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Sedan sekelskiftet 2000 har det talats om en medial vändning inom framför allt humanvetenskaperna. För till exempel litteraturvetenskapens del har det handlat om en fokusförflyttning från estetiken till historiska medieanalyser av sådant som läs- och skrivpraktiker, och motsvarande intresseförskjutningar kan avläsas inom andra discipliner. I en svensk kontext har det rentav hävdats att medie- och kommunikationsvetenskapen håller på att förgås i en ”revirstrid som är så brutal att den knappt märks”. För inom vilka discipliner sysslar man numera inte med mediefrågor? Och vilket är då medievetenskapens specifika bidrag? Å andra sidan kanske medie- och kommunikationsvetenskapen själv genomgår ett slags medial vändning och rör sig bort från vad som dominerat ämnet: innehållsanalyser av journalistik utifrån ett ganska snävt demokrati- och politikperspektiv, vilka egentligen inte varit särskilt upptagna med specifika medieringsfrågor. En sådan rörelse, även internationellt, kan möjligen skönjas i de senaste årens diskussioner kring begreppet medialisering.Den kulturhistoriska medieforskningen har under de två senaste decennierna vuxit fram i kölvattnet av den kulturella vändningen inom de historiska vetenskaperna. Fältet kännetecknas av en nyorientering såväl empiriskt som teoretiskt, så till exempel utgångspunkten i ett bredare mediebegrepp och en fokus på mediernas inbördes relationer och på materiellt handfast mediering (snarare än friare svävande representationer). Mediehistoria kan inte längre vara en samling monomediala historier som beskriver olika mediers utveckling på ett linjärt sätt, utan ett fält som i hög grad betonar inter- och multimedialitet. Relationen mellan gamla och nya medier behöver problematiseras och vår egen tids digitaliseringsprocess historiseras.
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| 2. |
- Bergman, Mats, 1964-, et al.
(författare)
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Goda år på ålderns höst? : En ESO-rapport om konkurrens i äldreomsorgen
- 2014
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- nder de senaste decennierna har det blivit möjligt att driva äldreomsorg i privat regi. Förespråkarna för denna utveckling pekar på valfrihet och ökad effektivitet. Kritikerna talar om vanvård och menar att äldreomsorg inte lämpar sig för marknadslösningar. I rapporten analyserar forskarna förutsättningarna för att nå god kvalitet och effektivt resursutnyttjande vid marknadsliknande lösningar i äldreomsorgen. De frågor som diskuteras i rapporten är bl.a.:Hur fungerar den svenska äldreomsorgsmarknaden?Under vilka förutsättningar kan valfrihet och konkurrens förbättra omsorgen?Vilka krav kan och bör ställas på äldreomsorgens utförare?Vilken betydelse har brukarval för omsorgens kvalitet?
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| 4. |
- Flygare, Erik, et al.
(författare)
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Utvärdering av metoder mot mobbning
- 2011
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Denna utvärdering ger besked om insatser och arbetssätt som effektivt förebygger och åtgärdar mobbning. Utvärderingen är unik genom att den omfattar stora mängder data, både kvalitativa och kvantitativa från 39 skolor, att enskilda individers utsatthet följs upp vid tre tillfällen och att den omfattar flera program samtidigt.Resultaten visar bland annat att olika insatser har olika effekt för pojkar och flickor samt olika effekt beroende på om mobbningen är social eller fysisk. Den visar också att ingen enskild insats har dramatiskt positiva effekter. För att en skola ska lyckas förebygga och åtgärda mobbning krävs ett systematiskt arbete och en kombination av insatser. Åtta namngivna program som används mot mobbning har ingått i utvärderingen: Farstametoden, Friends, Lions Quest, Olweusprogrammet, SET - Social och emotionell träning, Skolkomet, Skolmedling samt Stegvis. I utvärderingens fristående metodfördjupning Utvärdering av metoder mot mobbning. Metodappendix och bilagor till rapport 353, (endast publicerad som pdf ) redovisar forskarna utförligt utvärderingens design och redogör för tillvägagångssättet vid datainsamling och analys.
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| 5. |
- Jämte, Jan, 1979-
(författare)
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Antirasismens många ansikten
- 2013
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis contributes to the knowledge and understanding of the anti-racist movement in Sweden by describing its development from the early 1930s to the mid-2000s. It pays special attention to mapping and analyzing the ideas that have motivated anti-racist activities and their importance for mobilizing support and movement activity. Using the theoretical toolbox of the framing perspective, the strengths, weaknesses, possibilities and limitations of different anti-racist frames are discussed, as are the consequences of different types of intra-movement frame disputes and frame contests with external actors.By tracing and describing the historical development of the movement and different types of anti-racist frames, I create a typology of different anti-racist actors - what I call pragmatic, radical and moderate anti-racists. The activities of these types of actors are described throughout the long and winding history of the movement. In the thesis, the movement’s history is divided into four waves of protest. The movement’s roots stretch back to the 1930s and the struggle against Fascism and Nazism. It continues during the 1960s and onwards with the anti-apartheid movement, the 1980s mass mobilizations against domestic racist groups and the intensified struggles of the last decades against racist extremism, right-wing populism and various aspects of structural racism. Based on the typology, three cases are selected for further scrutiny. Pragmatic anti-racism is studied through the activities of Stoppa rasismen (Stop racism) in the 1980s, radical anti-racism through Antifascistisk aktion (Antifascist action, also known as AFA) during the 1990s and moderate anti-racism through Samling mot rasism och diskriminering (Gathering against racism and discrimination) at the turn of the millennium. By gaining access to extensive empirical material I have been able to follow each case from its first steps to its downfall. The material has been gathered from a variety of sources using different qualitative techniques. I have conducted semi-structured interviews with activists and analyzed protocols, pamphlets, journals, internal bulletins, mails, posters, speeches, web pages that have been disbanded, pictures, films and books.The analysis shows that the different types of actors face different challenges, and have different strengths and weaknesses when it comes to mobilizing consensus and fostering participation. However, the three actors have also faced common challenges when trying to mobilize against racism given the national context, the self-image of Sweden as a tolerant, open and egalitarian country and the dominant views of racism, which taken together has turned racism into a serious but fairly marginal problem. The analysis also shows the effects of frame disputes and frame contests with regard to diagnostic, prognostic and motivational aspects of framing. At times the dividing lines have led to a broadening of the movement and its work, creating a wide mobilization potential and a strong multitudinous movement. During other periods the differences have contributed to long and profound conflicts that have drained the organizations and activists of time, resources and energy. Instead of focusing on combating their opponents, the anti-racist groups have been engulfed in internal strife, which has severely fragmented, divided and weakened the movement and hindered mobilization – contributing to turning the movement into a dispersed “milieu” by the mid-2000s. The thesis concludes with a chapter discussing how the empirical applicability of the framing perspective can be improved.
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| 6. |
- Marshall, Matilda, 1985-
(författare)
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Matens kulturella död och återuppståndelse
- 2013
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Ingår i: Kulturella perspektiv - Svensk etnologisk tidskrift. - Umeå : Föreningen Kulturella Perspektiv, Umeå universitet. - 1102-7908. ; :2, s. 34-38
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Using metaphors of death, the article explores food’s different phases of edibility in terms of perceptions and habits. Perceptions of dirt and expiry dates are cultural factors which may influence the disposal as well as ideas about potentially harmful decay, such as mould. Wasted food can be resurrected by dumpster divers performing attempts of resuscitation in supermarkets’ containers. Additionally, composting and transformation into biofuel can turn food waste into new and useful matter. The waste is thus is in a constant flux and incorporated into the aspiration for a sustainable society.
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| 7. |
- Rynning, Elisabeth, et al.
(författare)
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Juridiska aspekter på obstetrik
- 2014. - 2
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Ingår i: Obstetrik. - Stockholm : Studentlitteratur AB. - 9789144095707 ; , s. 643-656
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 8. |
- Sandén, Ulrika, 1969-
(författare)
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Sekretess och tystnadsplikt inom offentlig och privat hälso- och sjukvård : ett skydd för patientens personliga integritet
- 2012
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis focuses on the protection of the patient’s privacy in health care in Sweden. It is crucially important that the patient has confidence in the health care and that patient data are kept secret from other persons and authorities. A patient who is unsure about secrecy and confidentiality may choose not to provide data that could prove necessary for health care personnel to arrive at an accurate diagnosis. Some individuals might even avoid seeking medical help from fear that data may be spread to outsiders. Inadequate protection of sensitive data may lead to the confidence of citizens in health care eventually eroding or vanishing completely. Protection of patient privacy is thus of fundamental importance in this area.In the area of health care, the intention of the legislator is that the regulations regarding secrecy in public health care and confidentiality in private health care will guarantee protection of patient privacy. Secrecy in public health care is regulated mainly in Chapter 25, Section 1 of the Swedish Public Access to Information and Secrecy Act (2009:400). In private health care, confidentiality is regulated mainly in Chapter 6, Section 12, first paragraph, and Section 16 of the Swedish Act on Patient Safety (2010:659).The overall purpose of the thesis is to examine and analyse the legislator’s intentions and the juridical construction regarding the rules of secrecy and confidentiality, from the perspective of patient privacy. The starting point of the thesis is that the patient’s privacy should be strongly protected.One of the main conclusions is that the legal construction cannot be considered to be in accordance with the legislator’s intention that the regulation of patient privacy protection should constitute a strong protection for the patient’s privacy, be comprehensible, clear and easy to apply for health care personnel, as well as being the same in both public and private health care.
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| 9. |
- Spjut, Lina, 1978-
(författare)
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Den envise bonden och Nordens fransmän : svensk och finsk etnicitet samt nationell historieskrivning i svenska och finlandssvenska läroböcker 1866-1939
- 2014
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Sweden and Finland were one country for more than 600 years and there are many remaining links between the two countries. Throughout the period, but even today there are Swedish and Finnish populations on both sides of the Gulf of Bothnia. When Russia conquered the Finnish part of the country in 1809, the state and its population were separated and the situations for the language groups changed and developed differently in Sweden and Finland. During the period studied in this thesis, 1866-1939, a new type of nation emerged in Europe, based on versions of nationalism constructed on ethnicity and language. Elementary schools played an important role in this nation building, spreading the mother language and the nation’s history. Elementary school textbooks were designed in relation to nation building, language and ethnic identification. The thesis compares how Swedish and Finland-Swedish textbooks describe ethnicity and common history in Sweden and Finland in a period of nationalism.The main aim of the thesis is to compare how two textbooks-traditions describes their Swedish and Finnish populations and if, or how, the textbook history is to be seen as related to these descriptions. The textbooks examined were written for elementary schools from 1866-1939 to be used in the teaching of history and geography. The research question focuses on descriptions of Swedes and Finns and whether it is possible to see differences in the nation’s historiography. Patterns of reproduction or transformation are also analysed in the textbooks.In the study 105 textbooks were examined and the quotations from the textbooks connected to the aim are sorted and analysed using Critical Discourse Analysis. The results show that Finns are rendered invisible in Swedish history textbooks. The geography textbooks describe Swedes as cultural and civilised with a peace-loving national character, while Finns are described as uncultured, peripheral and stubborn. This pattern is similar in Swedish and Finland-Swedish geography textbooks. At the beginning of the study it is a positive stubbornness, portrayed as brave and truthful to Sweden. Later on, the stubborn Finn is described negatively as old-fashioned and clinging to old habits. The Swede´s are described as more flexible through time; they have refined their national character and developed cultivation and democracy. The historiography differs in what is described, and how. One example is that the Finns´ contribution to the common country is quite hard to find in the textbooks. Swedish textbooks also seem to want to steal the honour from any Finnish success by placing Swedish ethnicity before Finnish national identity in cases where Swedish-speaking Finns have done great things. These types of descriptions are both reproduced and transformed as the actual relations between Finland and Sweden change and it is obvious that textbook history does not tell about the past but rather the story that the present wants to propagate.
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