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- Fredriksson, Ulf, et al.
(författare)
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Reading and education for students of immigrant origin in some Swedish municipalities
- 2009
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Ingår i: US-China Education Review. - Libertyville, IL : David Publishing. - 1548-6613. ; 6:11, s. 17-33
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Researchers from Mid Sweden University and Kalmar University organised surveys on reading skills in Swedish municipalities. This paper will focus on the surveys made in four municipalities between 2002 and 2007. All students in grade 8 in these four municipalities participated in the surveys-in total 16, 287 students. These surveys included a reading test for the students and information about the students collected from the teachers, including participation in instruction in Swedish as a second language and in their mother tongues. Students of immigrant origin in Sweden are offered the possibility to participate in instruction in Swedish as a second language and in instruction in the student's mother tongue. No obvious trends over time in the participation in Swedish as a second language and mother tongue instruction were found in the four municipalities on the tests we gave, in spite of national trends. There was no difference in results on the reading tests in Swedish between those students who participated in mother tongue instruction and those who did not, but there was a difference in test results between those who participated in Swedish as a second language and those who did not. Those who did not participate (in Swedish as a second language instruction) did, on average, score higher on the test. When different language groups are compared, it can be noted that a majority in all groups of immigrant students neither participate in Swedish as a second language nor in mother tongue instruction. However, there are important differences between boys and girls and between language groups. Girls seemed to be more willing than boys to participate in voluntary mother tongue instruction, while boys more often than girls had to participate in compulsory lessons in Swedish as a second language.
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| 2. |
- Sundström, Björn, 1968-, et al.
(författare)
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Gastric complaints in Ankylosing Spondylitis: : is the silent gut inflammation really silent?
- 2009
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Ingår i: Ann Rheum Dis 2009; 68: 636. - Ann Rheum Dis.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: There is strong evidence today of a relation between Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS) and inflammatory changes in the bowel. Since symptoms from the bowel is not a major sign of AS, the inflammatory changes have been considered as “silent”.Method: The aim of this study was to investigate the frequency and nature of gastric complaints among patients with AS without a diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and their relation to disease activity, functional status, physical activity and diet by a cross-sectional design. One hundred sixty-five patients with verified diagnosis of AS according to the modified New York criteria, aged 18-70 years received a questionnaire regarding diet, physical activity, gastric complaints and disease status, as measured by BASDAI and BASFI. One hundred twenty-two patients (92 males, 30 females, mean age 50 ±10 years) answered the questionnaire (response rate 74%). Nine patients reported that they had been diagnosed with IBD and were excluded from further analysis, yielding 113 available patients for further analysis. Result: Forty-Nine percent of the patients reported that they experienced loose stools or diarrhea at least twice a month and 18 % reported loose stools or diarrhea more than two times per week. Furthermore, 29 % of the patients reported gastric pain more than twice a month and 21 % reported problems with constipation or hard stools more than two times per month. Patients with reported gastric pain more often than twice a month had significantly higher disease activity and worse functional status according to BASDAI and BASFI (p=0,003 and p=0,006; respectively). Patients with reported loose stools and diarrhea more than twice a week had a trend towards higher disease activity and worse functional status according to BASDAI and BASFI (p=0,08 and p=0,09; respectively). No significant correlation could be found between medication, including consumption of NSAID and these gastric symptoms. Conclusion: Gastric pain is common in AS and could be linked to disease activity and functional status. Loose stools and diarrhea are also common in AS, and could also be linked with disease activity or functional status, although to a lesser degree than gastric pain.
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