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- von, Hofsten C, et al.
(författare)
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Predictive action in infancy : tracking and reaching for moving objects
- 1998
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Ingår i: Cognition. - Elsevier. - 0010-0277. ; 67:3, s. 255-285
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Because action plans must anticipate the states of the world which will be obtained when the actions take place, effective actions depend on predictions. The present experiments begin to explore the principles underlying early-developing predictions of object motion, by focusing on 6-month-old infants' head tracking and reaching for moving objects. Infants were presented with an object that moved into reaching space on four trajectories: two linear trajectories that intersected at the center of a display and two trajectories containing a sudden turn at the point of intersection. In two studies, infants' tracking and reaching provided evidence for an extrapolation of the object motion on linear paths, in accord with the principle of inertia. This tendency was remarkably resistant to counter-evidence, for it was observed even after repeated presentations of an object that violated the principle of inertia by spontaneously stopping and then moving in a new direction. In contrast to the present findings, infants fail to extrapolate linear object motion in preferential looking experiments, suggesting that early-developing knowledge of object motion, like mature knowledge, is embedded in multiple systems of representation.
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| 2. |
- Ahlm, Clas, et al.
(författare)
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Prevalence of antibodies specific to Puumala virus among farmers in Sweden
- 1998
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment and Health. - 0355-3140. ; 24:2, s. 104-108
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Serological evidence confirmed that the exposure of humans to Puumala virus is firmly restricted to the northern and central parts of Sweden. In addition the evidence indicated that, in this region, farming is associated with an increased risk of contracting hantavirus infection.
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| 3. |
- Blackburn, N., et al.
(författare)
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Rapid determination of bacterial abundance, biovolume, morphology, and growth by neural network-based image analysis
- 1998
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Ingår i: Applied and Environmental Microbiology. - American Society for Microbiology. - 0099-2240. ; 64:9, s. 3246-3255
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Annual bacterial plankton dynamics at several depths and locations in the Baltic Sea were studied by image analysis. Individual bacteria were classified by using an artificial neural network which also effectively identified nonbacterial objects, Cell counts and frequencies of dividing cells were determined, and the data obtained agreed well with visual observations and previously published values. Cell volumes were measured accurately by comparison with bead standards. The survey included 690 images from a total of 138 samples. Each image contained approximately 200 bacteria. The images were analyzed automatically at a rate of 100 images per h, Bacterial abundance exhibited coherent patterns with time and depth, and there were distinct subsurface peaks in the summer months. Four distinct morphological classes were resolved by the image analyzer, and the dynamics of each could be visualized. The bacterial growth rates estimated from frequencies of dividing cells were different from the bacterial growth rates estimated by the thymidine incorporation method. With minor modifications, the image analysis technique described here can be used to analyze other planktonic classes.
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| 4. |
- Brändström, Sven, et al.
(författare)
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Swedish normative data on personality using the Temperament and Character Inventory
- 1998
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Ingår i: Comprehensive Psychiatry. - 0010-440X. ; 39:3, s. 122-128
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI) is a self-report personality questionnaire based on Cloninger's psychobiological model of personality, which accounts for both normal and abnormal variation in the two major components of personality, temperament and character. Normative data for the Swedish TCI based on a representative Swedish sample of 1,300 adults are presented, and the psychometric properties of the questionnaire are discussed. The structure of the Swedish version replicates the American version well for the means, distribution of scores, and relationships within the between scales and subscales. Further, the Swedish inventory had a reliable factor structure and test-retest performance. The results of this study confirm the theory of temperament and character as a seven-factor model of personality.
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| 5. |
- Hellzen, Ove, et al.
(författare)
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From optimism to pessimism : A case study of a psychiatric patient
- 1998
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Nursing. - 0962-1067. ; 7:4, s. 360-370
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article focuses on the results of a single case study which illuminates an understanding of phases in nursing care for a patient in a psychiatric setting in Sweden. The focus of this study is a fifty year old man who showed progressive deterioration from increased motor activity to oral, sexual, destructive and aggressive actions. The data collection using five methods occurred during a 21 months period. Results of the content analyses processes identified four distinct but indiscreet phases of the patient’s complex condition. The medical and nursing care was categorised in three approaches: optimistic, strategic and resigned. The results raise the question whether there is action that is without any meaning as an expression of the patient´s wishes, thoughts and feelings. It seems clear that the patient in this study felt really angry and in despair. However, during moments of lucidity, he also indicated that he felt this was not an authentic expression of his "real" self. His experience was that of a splintered world.
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| 10. |
- Sterky, Fredrik, et al.
(författare)
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Gene discovery in the wood-forming tissues of poplar : Analysis of 5,692 expressed sequence tags
- 1998
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. - 0027-8424. ; 95:22, s. 13330-13335
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A rapidly growing area of genome research is the generation of expressed sequence tags (ESTs) in which large numbers of randomly selected cDNA clones are partially sequenced. The collection of ESTs reflects the level and complexity of gene expression in the sampled tissue, To date, the majority of plant ESTs are from nonwoody plants such as Arabidopsis, Brassica, maize, and rice. Here, we present a large-scale production of ESTs from the wood-forming tissues of two poplars, Populus tremula L, x tremuloides Michx, and Populus trichocarpa 'Trichobel.' The 5,692 ESTs analyzed represented a total of 3,719 unique transcripts for the two cDNA libraries, Putative functions could be assigned to 2,245 of these transcripts that corresponded to 820 protein functions. Of specific interest to forest biotechnology are the 4% of ESTs involved in various processes of cell wall formation, such as lignin and cellulose synthesis, 5% similar to developmental regulators and members of known signal transduction pathways, and 2% involved in hormone biosynthesis. An additional 12% of the ESTs show ed no significant similarity to any other DNA or protein sequences in existing databases. The absence of these sequences from public databases may indicate a specific role for these proteins in wood formation. The cDNA libraries and the accompanying database are valuable resources for forest research directed toward understanding the genetic control of wood formation and future endeavors to modify wood and fiber properties for industrial use.
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