| 1. |
- Adolfsson, Jan, et al.
(författare)
-
Clinical characteristics and primary treatment of prostate cancer in Sweden between 1996 and 2005
- 2007
-
Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Urology and Nephrology. - 0036-5599. ; 41:6, s. 456-477
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: The incidence of prostate cancer is rising rapidly in Sweden and there is a need to better understand the pattern of diagnosis, tumor characteristics and treatment. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Between 1996 and 2005, all new cases of adenocarcinoma of the prostate gland were intended to be registered in the National Prostate Cancer Register (NPCR). This register contains information on diagnosing unit, date of diagnosis, cause of diagnosis, tumor grade, tumor stage according to the TNM classification in force, serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels at diagnosis and primary treatment given within the first 6 months after diagnosis. RESULTS: In total, 72,028 patients were registered, comprising >97% of all pertinent incident cases of prostate cancer in the Swedish Cancer Register (SCR). During the study period there was a considerable decrease in median age at the time of diagnosis, a stage migration towards smaller tumors, a decrease in median serum PSA values at diagnosis, a decrease in the age-standardized incidence rate of men diagnosed with distant metastases or with a PSA level of > 100 ng/ml at diagnosis and an increase in the proportion of tumors with Gleason score <6. Relatively large geographical differences in the median age at diagnosis and the age-standardized incidence of cases with category T1c tumors were observed. Treatment with curative intent increased dramatically and treatment patterns varied according to geographical region. In men with localized tumors and a PSA level of <20 ng/ml at diagnosis, expectant treatment was more commonly used in those aged > or =75 years than in those aged <75 years. Also, the pattern of endocrine treatment varied in different parts of Sweden. CONCLUSIONS: All changes in the register seen over time are consistent with increased diagnostic activity, especially PSA testing, resulting in an increased number of cases with early disease, predominantly tumors in category T1c. The patterns of diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer vary considerably in different parts of Sweden. The NPCR continues to be an important source for research, epidemiological surveillance of the incidence, diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer.
|
|
| 2. |
- Stattin, Pär, et al.
(författare)
-
Prospective study of hyperglycemia and cancer risk.
- 2007
-
Ingår i: Diabetes Care. - Alexandria, Va. : American Diabetes Association. - 0149-5992. ; 30:3, s. 561-567
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether hyperglycemia is associated with increased cancer risk.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: In the Västerbotten Intervention Project of northern Sweden, fasting and postload plasma glucose concentrations were available for 33,293 women and 31,304 men and 2,478 incident cases of cancer were identified. Relative risk (RR) of cancer for levels of fasting and postload glucose was calculated with the use of Poisson models, with adjustment for age, year of recruitment, fasting time, and smoking status. Repeated measurements 10 years after baseline in almost 10,000 subjects were used to correct RRs for random error in glucose measurements.RESULTS: Total cancer risk in women increased with rising plasma levels of fasting and postload glucose, up to an RR for the top versus bottom quartile of 1.26 (95% CI 1.09-1.47) (P(trend) <0.001) and 1.31 (1.12-1.52) (P(trend) = 0.001), respectively. Correction for random error in glucose measurements increased these risks up to 1.75 (1.32-2.36) and 1.63 (1.26-2.18), respectively. For men, corresponding uncorrected RR was 1.08 (0.92-1.27) (P(trend) = 0.25) and 0.98 (0.83-1.16) (P(trend) = 0.99), respectively. Risk of cancer of the pancreas, endometrium, urinary tract, and of malignant melanoma was statistically significantly associated with high fasting glucose with RRs of 2.49 (1.23-5.45) (P(trend) = 0.006), 1.86 (1.09-3.31) (P(trend) = 0.02), 1.69 (0.95-3.16) (P(trend) = 0.049), and 2.16 (1.14-4.35) (P(trend) = 0.01), respectively. Adjustment for BMI had no material effect on risk estimates.CONCLUSIONS: The association of hyperglycemia with total cancer risk in women and in women and men combined for several cancer sites, independently of obesity, provides further evidence for an association between abnormal glucose metabolism and cancer.
|
|
| 3. |
|
|
| 4. |
- Lundstig, Annika, et al.
(författare)
-
No excess risk for colorectal cancer among subjects seropositive for the JC polyomavirus.
- 2007
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Cancer. - Wiley. - 0020-7136. ; 121:5, s. 1098-1102
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The human polymnaviruses JC virus (JCV) and BK virus (BKV) are oncogenic in experimental systems and commonly infect humans. JCV DNA has been reported to be present in human colon mucosa and in colorectal cancers. To investigate whether the risk for colorectal cancer is associated with JCV or BKV infection, we performed a case-control study nested in the Janus biobank, a cohort of 330,000 healthy Norwegian subjects. A 30-year prospective follow-up using registry linkages identified 386 men with colorectal cancer who had baseline serum samples taken >3 months before diagnosis. Control subjects were matched for sex, age and date of blood sampling and county of residence. Seropositivity for JCV or BKV had high (97-100%) sensitivity for detection of viral DNA-positive subjects and discriminated the different polyomaviruses. Seropositivity was mostly stable over time in serial samples. The relative risk for colorectal cancer among JCV seropositive subjects was 0.9 (95% CI: 0.7-1.3) and the BKV-associated relative risk was 1.1 (95% CI: 0.8-1.5). Determining seropositivity using alternative cutoffs also found no evidence of excess risk. In summary, this prospective study found no association between JCV or BKV infections and excess risk for colorectal cancer.
|
|
| 5. |
- Pukkala, Eero, et al.
(författare)
-
Nordic biological specimen banks as basis for studies of cancer causes and control - more than 2 million sample donors, 25 million person years and 100 000 prospective cancers
- 2007
-
Ingår i: Acta Oncologica. - Taylor and Francis Ltd. - 0284-186X. ; 46:3, s. 286-307
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Nordic countries have a long tradition of large-scale biobanking and comprehensive, population-based health data registries linkable on unique personal identifiers, enabling follow-up studies spanning many decades. Joint Nordic biobank-based studies provide unique opportunities for longitudinal molecular epidemiological research. The purpose of the present paper is to describe the possibilities for such joint studies, by describing some of the major Nordic biobank cohorts with a standardised calculation of the cancer incidence in these cohorts. Altogether two million donors have since 1966 donated more than four million biological samples, stored at -20 degrees C to -135 degrees C, to 17 biobank cohorts in Finland, Iceland, Norway and Sweden. As a result of joint database handling principles, the accuracy of personal identifiers and completeness of follow-up for vital status in all participating biobanks was improved. Thereafter, the cancer incidence was determined using follow-up through the national cancer registries. Biobanks based on random samples of population typically showed slightly lower cancer incidence rates than the general population, presumably due to better participation rates among health-conscious subjects. On the other hand, biobanks including samples for viral screening or clinical testing showed 1.5 to 2.1 fold increased incidence of cancer. This excess was very high immediately after sampling, but for some cancer sites remained elevated for years after clinical sampling. So far, more than 100 000 malignant neoplasms have occurred after sample donation, and the annual increase of the cancer cases in these cohorts is about 10 000. The estimates on the population-representativity of the biobanks will assist in interpretation of generalizability of results of future studies based on these samples, and the systematic tabulations of numbers of cancer cases will serve in study power estimations. The present paper summarizes optimal study designs of biobank-based studies of cancer.
|
|
| 6. |
|
|
| 7. |
|
|
| 8. |
|
|
| 9. |
- Johansson, Mattias, et al.
(författare)
-
Implications for prostate cancer of insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) genetic variation and circulating IGF-I levels.
- 2007
-
Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism. - 0021-972X. ; 92:12, s. 4820-4826
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Elevated levels of circulating IGF-I have consistently been associated with increased prostate cancer risk. We recently found a haplotype in the 3' region of the IGF-I gene associated with increased risk of prostate cancer, and we hypothesized that the observed association is mediated by circulating IGF-I. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We analyzed haplotypes and three haplotype-tagging single nucleotide polymorphisms (htSNPs) in the 3' region of the IGF-I gene in relation to circulating levels IGF-I in 698 control subjects from the CAncer Prostate in Sweden (CAPS) study and 575 cases and controls from the prospective Northern Sweden Health and Disease Cohort (NSHDC) study. We also performed a meta-analysis of these two and four other association studies on genetic variation in the 3' region of the IGF-I gene in relation to circulating IGF-I levels. RESULTS: The IGF-I haplotype previously associated with prostate cancer risk, labeled "TCC," was associated with elevated levels of IGF-I in the CAPS study (P = 0.02), but not in the NSHDC study. In contrast, two of the three IGF-I htSNPs tagging this haplotype, rs6220 and rs7136446, were associated with elevated levels of IGF-I in the NSHDC (P = 0.03 and P = 0.04, respectively), but not in the CAPS study. In the meta-analysis, the TCC haplotype and the rs6220 SNP were associated with elevated levels of circulating IGF-I (P = 0.001 and P < 0.0001, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Genetic variation in the 3' region of the IGF-I gene seems to influence circulating levels of IGF-I. This observation is consistent with the hypothesis that variation in the IGF-I gene plays a role in prostate cancer susceptibility by influencing circulating levels of IGF-I.
|
|
| 10. |
|
|
