| 51. |
- Ericsson, Fredrik, et al.
(author)
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Knowledge management systems acceptance
- 2009. - 2
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In: Encyclopedia of information science and technology. - Hershey, PA : IGI Global. - 9781605660264 ; , s. 2368-2372
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Book chapter (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Knowledge management is a set of systematic actions that organizations can take to obtain the greatest value from the knowledge available to it (Davenport & Prusak, 1998). Systematic means that knowledge management is made up of intentional actions in an organizational context. Value means that knowledge management is measured according to how knowledge management projects contribute to increased organizational ability (see for example Prieto & Gutiérrez, 2001; see Goldkuhl & Braf, 2002, on the subject of organizational ability). The motivation for knowledge management is that the key to competitive advantage for organizations in today’s business world is organizations’ ability to manage knowledge (Nonaka & Takeuchi, 1995; Davenport & Prusak, 1998). Knowledge management as an intentional and value-adding action is not easy to accomplish in practice (Scarbrough & Swan, 1999). Scarbrough and Swan (1999) present several case studies in knowledge management, successful and unsuccessful in their respective knowledge management projects. A major point and lessons learned from the case studies is that prevalent approaches in knowledge management overstate technology and understate how technology is implemented and applied. To succeed with knowledge management, encompassing development of information technology-based information system, some requirements have to be fulfilled. An important aspect in the development process is system acceptance. Implementation is at large a process of acceptance. Implementation is the process where the system becomes an integrated part of the users’ or workers’ work practice. Therefore implementation is essential to make a knowledge management project successful in order attain an increased organizational ability and to succeed with knowledge management.
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| 52. |
- Florin, Jan, et al.
(author)
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Clinical decision-making : predictors of patient participation in nursing care
- 2008
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In: Journal of Clinical Nursing. - Clare, Ireland : Elsevier. - 0962-1067 .- 1365-2702. ; 17:21, s. 2935-2944
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Aim: To investigate predictors of patients' preferences for participation in clinical decision-making in inpatient nursing care.Background: Patient participation in decision-making in nursing care is regarded as a prerequisite for good clinical practice regarding the person's autonomy and integrity.Design: A cross-sectional survey of 428 persons, newly discharged from inpatient care.Methods: The survey was conducted using the Control Preference Scale. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used for testing the association of patient characteristics with preferences for participation.Results: Patients, in general, preferred adopting a passive role. However, predictors for adopting an active participatory role were the patient's gender (odds ratio = 1.8), education (odds ratio = 2.2), living condition (odds ratio = 1.8) and occupational status (odds ratio = 2.0). A probability of 53% was estimated, which female senior citizens with at least a high school degree and who lived alone would prefer an active role in clinical decision-making. At the same time, a working cohabiting male with less than a high school degree had a probability of 8% for active participation in clinical decision-making in nursing care.Conclusions: Patient preferences for participation differed considerably and are best elicited by assessment of the individual patient.Relevance to clinical practice: The nurses have a professional responsibility to act in such a way that patients can participate and make decisions according to their own values from an informed position. Access to knowledge of patients' basic assumptions and preferences for participation is of great value for nurses in the care process. There is a need for nurses to use structured methods and tools for eliciting individual patient preferences regarding participation in clinical decision-making.
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| 53. |
- Florin, Jan, 1956-, et al.
(author)
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Developing a national integrated classification of health care interventions in Sweden
- 2005
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In: International Journal of Medical Informatics. - Clare, Ireland : Elsevier. - 1386-5056 .- 1872-8243. ; 74:11-12, s. 973-9
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: Existing classifications in Sweden of health care interventions used for quality assurance issues and for decisions on resource allocation does not capture all types of health care interventions. The work of professional groups like nurses, physiotherapists, and occupational therapists is partly invisible. There is a need to develop a classification of health care interventions that comprise all activity within the health care sector.Aim: To describe a multi-professional collaborative work on classification development and to provide suggestions for an organizing structure that can capture interventions in the health care services incorporating different professional perspectives.Results: The professional groups reached a common understanding about the use of the classification of The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) as a unifying framework in the classification of health care interventions. Proposal was made for a revised structure of a current classification of interventions using ICD as unifying framework.Conclusion: The use of ICF as a unifying framework is seen as a fruitful way of overcoming professional differences, and by that supporting the process of reaching a common understanding and use of a common language when describing interventions in health care.
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| 54. |
- Florin, Jan, et al.
(author)
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Patient participation in clinical decision making in nursing : a comparative study of nurses' and patients' perceptions
- 2006
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In: Journal of Clinical Nursing. - : Wiley. - 0962-1067 .- 1365-2702. ; 15:12, s. 1498-1508
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- AIM AND OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to compare the degree of concordance between patients and Registered Nurses' perceptions of the patients' preferences for participation in clinical decision-making in nursing care. A further aim was to compare patients' experienced participation with their preferred participatory role. BACKGROUND: Patient participation in clinical decision-making is valuable and has an effect on quality of care. However, there is limited knowledge about patient preferences for participation and how nurses perceive their patients' preferences. METHODS: A comparative design was adopted with a convenient sample of 80 nurse-patient dyads. A modified version of the Control Preference Scale was used in conjunction with a questionnaire developed to elicit the experienced participation of the patient. RESULTS: A majority of the Registered Nurses perceived that their patients preferred a higher degree of participation in decision-making than did the patients. Differences in patient preferences were found in relation to age and social status but not to gender. Patients often experienced having a different role than what was initially preferred, e.g. a more passive role concerning needs related to communication, breathing and pain and a more active role related to activity and emotions/roles. CONCLUSIONS: Registered Nurses are not always aware of their patients' perspective and tend to overestimate patients' willingness to assume an active role. Registered Nurses do not successfully involve patients in clinical decision-making in nursing care according to their own perceptions and not even to the patients' more moderate preferences of participation. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE: A thorough assessment of the individual's preferences for participation in decision-making seems to be the most appropriate approach to ascertain patient's involvement to the preferred level of participation. The categorization of patients as preferring a passive role, collaborative role or active role is seen as valuable information for Registered Nurses to tailor nursing care.
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| 55. |
- Florin, Jan, et al.
(author)
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Patients' and nurses' perceptions of nursing problems in an acute care setting
- 2005
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In: Journal of Advanced Nursing. - : Wiley. - 0309-2402 .- 1365-2648. ; 51:2, s. 140-149
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- AIM: This paper reports a study to determine the degree of agreement or disagreement between nurses and patients in their perceptions of the presence, severity, and importance of nursing problems. BACKGROUND: Patient experiences, values and preferences are increasingly acknowledged as important factors underpinning healthcare decision-making. The ability to identify patient problems accurately is an important prerequisite for planning and implementing individualized high quality care. METHODS: A convenience sample of patients (n = 80) and Registered Nurses (n = 30) in an acute care setting responded to a 43-item questionnaire. Findings. Nurses identified patients' problems with a sensitivity of 0.53 and a positive predictive value of 0.50. Patients identified several severe problems that were not identified by nurses, particularly problems with nutrition, sleep, pain, and emotions/spirituality. Nurses underestimated the severity in 47% of mutually-identified problems. An overall level of agreement of 44% was found on the importance of patient problems. Low levels of agreement on severity and importance were related more to individual differences than to systematic differences. CONCLUSIONS: Nurses need to be more aware that patients and nurses often hold disparate views of the priorities in nursing care. To plan individualized nursing care effectively, nurses need to elicit and use individual patients' preferences more systematically in care planning.
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| 56. |
- Fossum, Mariann, 1970-, et al.
(author)
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Clinical decision support systems to prevent and treat pressure ulcers and under-nutrition in nursing homes
- 2009
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In: Studies in Health Technology and Informatics. - Amsterdam : I O S PRESS. - 9781607500247 ; , s. 877-878
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Clinical decision support systems (CDSSs) are believed to have the potential to improve care and change the behavior of health personnel. The project has focused on developing a CDSS to support prevention of pressure ulcer and undernutrition that is completely integrated in the electronic health record in nursing homes. Nursing staff have been involved in all phases in the development of the CDSS, which at present is ready to be implemented and systematically evaluated. © 2009 The authors and IOS Press. All rights reserved.
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| 57. |
- Grönlund, Åke, et al.
(author)
-
Inclusion in the e-service society : investigating administrative literacy requirements for using e-services
- 2007
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In: Electronic government. - Berlin : Springer. - 9783540744436 ; , s. 216-227
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This paper investigates potential changes in requirements for "administrative literacy" - knowledge and skills required from citizens - when manual services are replaced by electronic ones. Do requirements increase, decrease or change qualitatively? We compare manual and electronic versions of ten commonly used services. The needs for knowledge and skills, content and procedures were considerably less for the e-services in eight out of ten cases; however, in complicated services there may rather be a change of skills, e.g. replacing verbal skills with skill in searching for information online. E-services relieve the user of some requirements; hence one obstacle for inclusion is reduced. However, we also found problems with the e-services implying that design of e-services should be informed by the kind of measure we have used as it is of great importance for inclusion in the e-society. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2007.
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| 58. |
- Grönlund, Åke, 1954-, et al.
(author)
-
Mobile technologies for development : a comparative study on challenges
- 2008
-
In: Proceedings of Sig GlobDev Workshop Paris 2008. - Paris : AIS SIG GLobal Development. - 9780982606803
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This paper compares and analyzes three cases where mobile technology is developed and used for everyday learning in developing countries. Preliminary results from field studies and tests are presented and analyzed in terms of the technical, professional, social, cultural and organizational challenges involved in development. In Bangladesh Virtual Classroom SMS is used together with TV to make education interactive. The eduPhone project develops a system and a method for delivering everyday “situated education”, such as emergency medical advice, to people lacking access to such services. The Agricultural Market Information System project disseminates information to improve local agricultural markets and, in particular, supporting small farmers, by mobile phones. The paper reports the cases and findings from investigations and tests, including field studies, laboratory and field tests, and experiences from implementation. We find that technical challenges are not great and in most cases concern innovativeness of application rather than access, use and usability; e-readiness among people is higher than often reported. The main problems lie in organizational challenges – developing a sustainable business model and reorganizing processes consequently – and social and cultural challenges such as local power structures and professional traditions.
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| 59. |
- Grönlund, Åke, et al.
(author)
-
Ten years of eGovernment : the end of history and a new beginning
- 2009
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- eGovernment practice has over the past decade developed considerably in a technical perspective moving from information provision to complete transactional services. In terms of organizational adoption the change is less impressive overall and there are structural obstacles. While new business models have indeed evolved in large government organizations where scale advantages are easily found and transactions are easily automated, these models have not been fully disseminated across the range of government organizations where services are more complex and operations small-scale. Also, whole-system synergies have not happened as expected because stovepipes tend to pertain in the e-service government. This paper argues that although there is no lack of eGovernment “frameworks”, both governments and research are both in need of better guiding models in order to address contemporary and future challenges. This argument is pursued by reviewing a decade of eGovernment development and research in terms of the guiding values as expressed by influential maturity models and relating them to the eGovernment domain, as defined by formal definitions and practice in combination. We find that development so far has overall been too narrowly guided by a technical focus and economic and administrative values and too little informed by public sector values. While there is no lack of broad frameworks there is scarcity as concerns structured research and evaluation models that encompass such values. The paper examines some models dealing with such values and concludes by proposing criteria by which maturity models should be designed so as to serve as good guides for the next decade of eGovernment development.
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| 60. |
- Göransson, Katarina E., et al.
(author)
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Emergency department triage : is there a link between nurses’ personal characteristics and accuracy in triage decisions?
- 2006
-
In: Accident and Emergency Nursing. - : Elsevier BV. - 0965-2302 .- 1532-9267. ; 14:2, s. 83-88
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Introduction A common task of registered nurses is to perform emergency department triage, often using an especially designed triage scale in their assessment. However, little information is available about the factors that promote the quality of these decisions. This study investigated personal characteristics of registered nurses and the accuracy in their acuity ratings of patient scenarios. Methods Using the Canadian Triage and Acuity Scale (CTAS), 423 registered nurses from 48 (62%) Swedish emergency departments individually triaged 18 patient scenarios. Results The registered nurses’ percentage of accurate acuity ratings was 58%, with a range from 22% to 89% accurate acuity ratings per registered nurse. In total, 60.3% of the registered nurses accurately triaged the scenarios in 50–69% of the cases. No relationship was found between personal characteristics of the registered nurses and their ability to triage. Discussion The lack of a relationship between personal characteristics of registered nurses and their ability to triage suggests that there might be intrapersonal characteristics, particularly the decision-making strategies used which can partly explain this dispersion. Future research that focuses on decision-making is likely to contribute in identifying and describing essential nursing characteristics for successful emergency department triage.
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