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- Eriksson Bergström, Sofia, 1974-
(författare)
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Rum, barn och pedagoger : Om möjligheter och begränsningar i förskolans fysiska miljö
- 2013
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In this thesis the relationship between the physical environment of preschool, children and preschool teachers is studied. Children participate in preschool from an early age and thus are expected to find themselves within an institutional framework (Eilard & Tallberg Broman, 2011) early in life. Today preschool as an institution can be seen as a place where childhood to a great extent is spent and created (Halldén, 2007e). The physical environment of preschool can consequently be regarded as a structure within which childhood is institutionalized (Kampmann, 2004). In general the thesis deals with how children are shaped by and shape the physical environment that they spend so much time in during early childhood. The purpose is clarified in the following questions: How does the physical environment of preschool structure and organise the activities of chil-dren? What activities are created in relation to the possibilities and limitations of the physical environment? In what way can the relationship between the invitations of the physical environment, the child’s scope for action, and preschool teachers be seen? To understand the empirical material in the thesis the concept of affordance (J.J.Gibson, 1986) and the activity theory (Leontiev, 1986; Engeström, 1987) has been used. The empirical evidence in the thesis is based on both video observations and interviews. The study was designed as a multiple case study (Stake, 1995), and three preschool classes each formed a case. The study was inspired by ethnography. The significance of seeing the environment as a set of affordances (J.J.Gibson, 1986) is that it, to a greater degree, can lead to children being allowed to discover the invitations to action there are and as a result freedom to act and negotiations can be created in both inside and outside environments. Through this way of thinking a free zone is created in an institutionalised childhood where children through their agency handle and redesign that which was intended to regulate and give structure. As a counterbalance to the institutionalisation of childhood this study contribute to an understanding of children’s individual and collective activities as a free zone in an otherwise controlled and regulated milieu. The contribution of this thesis consists of the study of the physical environment and the importance of the material in forming the child.
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- Segerholm, Christina, et al.
(författare)
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Responskapitel : Kvalitet som dold läroplan
- 2013
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Ingår i: Kvalitet i fleksibel høyere utdanning. - Trondheim : Akademika forlag. - 9788232102921 ; , s. 195-205
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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- Lindgren, Joakim, 1971-
(författare)
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Spaces, mobilities and youth biographies in the New Sweden : Studies on education governance and social inclusion and exclusion
- 2010
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The main theme of this thesis is the relation between education governance and social inclusion and exclusion. Overall the thesis is based on a life history approach were biographical interviews with young people are complemented with other contextual data such as survey data, longitudinal statistics, interviews with local politicians and school actors and local reports. Data were generated in three Swedish areas: a rural area in the North, an advantaged segregated area, and a disadvantaged segregated area in the South. The thesis consists of four articles that use the concepts of biography, space, and mobility. Article 1. examines the increasing usage of biographical registers in school. It suggests that biography as a form of education governance serves to construct the students as both objects for assessment and as a relay for continuous self-assessment. As such, this is a socio-political technology that is important to acknowledge in order to understand processes of social inclusion and exclusion. Article 2. addresses the following empirically generated question: How is it possible to understand the fact that disadvantaged students from a segregated area have such optimistic future orientations in relation to further education and work? Building on life history interviews with a small sample of refugee youth from a disadvantaged segregated area the paper presents a concept labelled Utopian diaspora biography (UDB). UDB describes a process whereby a high level of aspiration concerning education and labour is accumulated as a consequence of the social, temporal and spatial dynamic of the biography. Article 3. is an attempt to develop new understandings about local production of social inclusion and exclusion in a decentralised, individualised and segregated school landscape. Using a wide range of data the article suggests that local differences concerning schooling and the outcomes of schooling – both in terms of statistical patterns and the identities produced – are interrelated and are based on an amalgamation of local policy implementation, material conditions and spatially guided representations. Article 4. deploys the concept of mobility in order to explore how space and class become related to education and social inclusion and exclusion in the three chosen areas as young people are spatially situated but move, want to move, dream about moving, try to move, and fail to move through, in and out of different forms of communities. This paper shows that the possibilities of moving to desired places on the education- and labour market are unequally distributed between young people and between places. The analysis also seeks to move beyond schematic typologies such as those of ‘immobile working class’ and ‘mobile middle class’ by exploring how mobility is made meaningful and how notions about mobility are structured and enable action. In summary, the thesis contributes to the discussion on processes of inclusion and exclusion in contemporary society. These processes are understood as inter-disciplinary problematics that include the social production of spatiality, historicality, and sociality at both the societal level and on the level of identity. Crucial aspects concern aestheticisation and performativity in education which imply an increasing focus on discursive, or textual, dimensions of identity formation and the competitive strategies developed by students in order to secure social inclusion through the marketing of oneself. Under these circumstances, new identities and new forms of social inclusion and exclusion are produced.
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- Lindqvist, Anna, 1966-
(författare)
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Dans i skolan : om genus, kropp och uttryck
- 2010
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis is a continuation of my licentiate thesis from 2007 “Dansens plats i skolan. Tradition, utveckling och lärande i Skellefteå kommun” [‘The place of dance in schools. Tradition, development and learning and teaching in the Municipality of Skellefteå’]. The overarching aim of the thesis is to interpret and understand dance as a form of expression and phenomenon in schools, which comprises dance teaching, learning in dance, and dance teachers’ attitudes, experiences and ideas. Dance teachers’ experiences and conceptions of dance teaching are at the centre of this thesis. The aim is to interpret and understand dance teachers’ attitude to gender as well as dance as an area of knowledge from dance teachers’ perspective. In the thesis the following will be answered: How do dance teachers describe their experiences and conceptions of gender in the dance teaching of preschools and schools? What is dance teaching in schools from dance teachers’ perspective? The empirical material is principally based on a questionnaire study implemented in the spring of 2008 and answered by 154 dance teachers but also on observations of dance teaching in schools from 2006. The thesis takes a hermeneutic approach. Gender theories and phenomenological theories have been of major importance for the understanding of the result. The thesis deals with central concepts such as ‘gender structures’, ‘masculinities’, ‘relations’, ‘the lived body’, ‘the lifeworld’ and ‘transcendence’. Dance teachers perceive marked differences between girls and boys in three respects. There are fewer boys than girls that are favourably disposed to dance, that clearly try to imitate the dance teacher’s movements and that give full expression to lyrical, peaceful exercises. There is a connection here to dance as a femininely coded subject, homophobic conceptions and the distinction between masculine and feminine movements. As regards wealth of ideas in improvisation exercises, a majority of dance teachers think that there is no difference between boys and girls. Nearly all dance teachers think that they work with the same types of movements for boys and girls, while at the same time they conceive of sex and gender in different ways. This study shows many experiences of dance where gender does not play any role but also that dance in schools may imply a gender-stereotyped attitude. There is also a common view among dance teachers of what dance teaching is. Dance has an existential dimension where the lived body is emphasized. In the thesis the so-called “boy problem” is questioned, since boys’ verbal deprecation is not visible in the dance teaching itself.
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