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Sökning: swepub > Göteborgs universitet > (2000-2009) > Carlsson Fredrik 1968

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  • Carlsson, Fredrik, 1968, et al. (författare)
  • Do you do what you say or do you do what you say others do?
  • 2008
  • Rapport (refereegranskat)abstract
    • We design a donations vs. own money choice experiment comparing three differenttreatments. In two of the treatments the pay-offs are hypothetical. In the first of these, a shortcheap talk script was used, and subjects were required to state their own preferences in thisscenario. In the second, subjects were asked to state how they believed an average studentwould respond to the choices. In the third treatment the pay-offs were real, allowing us to usethe results to compare the validity of the two hypothetical treatments. We find a stronghypothetical bias in both hypothetical treatments where the marginal willingness to pay fordonations are higher when subjects state their own preferences but lower when subjects statewhat they believe are other students preferences. The explanation is probably a self-imageeffect in both cases. We find that it is mainly women who are prone to hypothetical bias inthis study
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3.
  • Carlsson, Fredrik, 1968, et al. (författare)
  • The marginal values of noise disturbance from air traffic : does the time of the day matter?
  • 2004
  • Ingår i: Transportation Research Part D. - Oxford : Pergamon Press. - 1361-9209 .- 1879-2340. ; 9:5, s. 373-385
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • This paper analyzes the marginal willingness to pay for changes in noise levels related to changes in the volume of flight movements at a city airport in Stockholm, Sweden, by using a choice experiment. When estimating marginal willingness to pay for different times of the day and days of the week, we find that these vary with the temporal dimensions: mornings and evenings have higher marginal values. Interestingly, a substantial proportion of the respondents prefer no changes in the current noise level. The paper concludes with a policy discussion related to incentive-based pricing.
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  • Carlsson, Fredrik, 1968, et al. (författare)
  • Design techniques for stated preference methods in health economics
  • 2003
  • Ingår i: Health Economics. - Gothenburg : Wiley. - 1099-1050 .- 1057-9230. ; 12, s. 281-294
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • This paper discusses different design techniques for stated preference surveys in health economic applications. In particular, we focus on different design techniques, i.e. how to combine the attribute levels into alternatives and choice sets, for choice experiments. Design is a vital issue in choice experiments since the combination of alternatives in the choice sets will determine the degree of precision obtainable from the estimates and welfare measures. In this paper we compare orthogonal, cyclical and D-optimal designs, where the latter allows expectations about the true parameters to be included when creating the design. Moreover, we discuss how to obtain prior information on the parameters and how to conduct a sequential design procedure during the actual experiment in order to improve the precision in the estimates. The designs are evaluated according to their ability to predict the true marginal willingness to pay under different specifications of the utility function in Monte Carlo simulations. Our results suggest that the designs produce unbiased estimations, but orthogonal designs result in larger mean square error in comparison to D-optimal designs. This result is expected when using correct priors on the parameters in D-optimal designs. However, the simulations show that welfare measures are not very sensitive if the choice sets are generated from a D-optimal design with biased priors. Copyright (C) 2002 John Wiley Sons, Ltd.
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7.
  • Abou-Ali, Hala, 1972, et al. (författare)
  • Evaluating the welfare effects of improved water qualityusing the choice experiment method
  • 2004
  • Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • This paper analyzes the welfare effects of improved health status through increased water quality using a choice experiment. The survey was administered to a random sample of households in metropolitan Cairo, Egypt. We apply a random parameter logit model in the analysis and illustrate the richness of information that can be obtained from this type of model by estimating individual level willingness to pay (WTP). We find a significant WTP for improved health status, both for short-run and long-run health effects. However, the estimated WTP is fairly low compared with the costs of a program that would achieve these improvements.
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  • Alpizar, Francisco, et al. (författare)
  • Anonymity, Reciprocity, and Conformity: Evidence from Voluntary Contributions to a National Park in Costa Rica
  • 2007
  • Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • We investigate the role of anonymity, reciprocity, and conformity for voluntary contributions, based on a natural field experiment conducted at a national park in Costa Rica. Contributions made in public in front of the solicitor are 25% higher than contributions made in private. Giving subjects a small gift before requesting a contribution increases the likelihood of a positive contribution. At the same time, the conditional contribution decreases. The total effect of giving a gift is positive but small, and taking the cost of the gift into account, it is far from profitable. When the subjects are told that the typical contribution of others is $2 (a small contribution), the probability of a contribution increases and the conditional contribution decreases, compared with providing no reference information. Providing a high reference level ($10) increases the conditional contributions. Overall, the total effects have the expected signs, although the magnitudes are smaller than what one might have expected based on existing evidence from laboratory experiments.
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  • Alpizar, Francisco, 1974, et al. (författare)
  • Does context matter more for hypothetical than for actual contributions? Evidence from a natural field experiment
  • 2007
  • Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • We investigate the importance of the social context for people’s voluntary contributions to a national park in Costa Rica, using a natural field experiment. Some subjects make actual contributions while others state their hypothetical contribution. Both the degree of anonymity and provided information about the contributions of others influence subject contributions in the hypothesized direction. We do find a substantial hypothetical bias with regard to the amount contributed. However, the influence of the social contexts is about the same when the subjects make actual monetary contributions as when they state their hypothetical contributions. Our results have important implications for validity testing of stated preference methods: a comparison between hypothetical and actual behavior should be done for a given social context.
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Köhlin, Gunnar, 1963 (4)
Löfgren, Åsa, 1972 (4)
Kataria, Mitesh (4)
Lampi, Elina, 1967 (4)
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