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- Mobini Far, Hamid Reza, et al.
(författare)
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Administration of the anabolic androgenic steroid nandrolone decanoate to female rats causes alterations in the morphology of their uterus and a reduction in reproductive capacity
- 2007
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Ingår i: European Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0301-2115 .- 1872-7654. ; 131:2, s. 189-197
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present investigation was to characterize the effects of supraphysiological doses of the anabolic androgenic steroid nandrolone decanoate (ND) on the fertility of female rats, as well as on the morphology of their uterus. STUDY DESIGN: Female Wistar rats (n=15) received a subcutaneous injection of ND (15 mg/kg) once daily during a 2-week period, while the control animals (n=10) were administered vehicle alone (arachidis oleum) in the same manner. Estrus behavior was evaluated 4 weeks after termination of this treatment and in cases where signs of receptivity were present, the female rat was given the opportunity to copulate with a male. After breeding, the female animals were sacrificed and their uteri examined histomorphologically. RESULTS: All ND-treated animals exhibited abnormal vaginal smears, whereas all of the control smears were normal. Most (73%) of the treated females demonstrated normal estrus behavior (i.e., willingness) on the day of mating, but none got pregnant; whereas all of the control rats became pregnant. The female rats receiving the ND showed an enhanced rate of weight gain and the myometrium thickness of their uteri was significantly increased, while the endometrium was significantly thinner. Furthermore, ND caused a significant proportion of the treated animals to display tortuous and irregularly branching endometrial glands, as well as a lack of the physiologically normal infiltration of eosinophilic leukocytes into the endometrium (endometrial eosinophilic homing), a finding that has not been reported previously. CONCLUSION: The present findings indicate that high doses of ND cause morphological and physiological alterations in the uterus of female rats that are associated with a suppression of their reproductive capacity.
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| 2. |
- Gunnarsson, Mattias, 1969, et al.
(författare)
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Personality traits and their associations with substance use among adolescents
- 2008
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Ingår i: Personality and Individual Differences. - : Elsevier BV. - 0191-8869. ; 45:5, s. 356-360
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to investigate whether there is an association between personality traits and self-reported risk consumption of substances among adolescents. A further aim was to evaluate whether the personality questionnaire Health relevant Personality Inventory (HP5i) can be used in a population of adolescents. The study participants included 3419 male and female adolescents with a median age of 18years. The results showed that the respondents with risk consumption of substances had significantly higher levels of antagonism and impulsivity and lower levels of hedonic capacity, alexithymia and negative affectivity compared to those with no risk consumption of substances. The HP5 inventory could potentially be a valuable complementary instrument for investigating future health development among adolescents.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Alborn, Sven-Eric, et al.
(författare)
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Förord
- 2006
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Ingår i: Riskbruk, missbruk och beroende - forskning och vård. - Göteborg : Göteborgs universitet och Beroendekliniken, Sahlgrenska universitetssjukhuset.
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 7. |
- Balldin, Jan, 1935, et al.
(författare)
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Inverse relationship between central serotonergic neurotransmission and blood pressure in alcohol-dependent male subjects
- 2006
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Ingår i: Journal of Neural Transmission. ; 113, s. 1511-1517
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Data has accumulated indicating an inverse relation between central serotonergic (5-HT) neurotransmission and blood pressure in hypertensive rats and in healthy individuals. The present study aimed to elucidate whether an inverse relation exists between systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressure levels and central 5-HT neurotransmission also in a group of alcohol-dependent individuals. Central 5-HT neurotransmission was assessed by using the maximum prolactin (PRL) responses to the 5-HT probe DL-fenfluramine (DL-FEN; 60 mg po.) in 17 alcohol-dependent male subjects investigated during a period of on-going alcohol intake. BP was measured immediately before all time points for blood sampling, and readings before DL-FEN administration were used as the subjects resting BP. Results showed that there were inverse correlations between the maximum PRL responses to DL-FEN and the SBP levels (r = -0.57, p < 0.002) and with the DBP levels (r = -0.52, p < 0.05), respectively. The present study suggests the existence of an association between central 5-HT neurotransmission and blood pressure regulation also in alcohol-dependent individuals.
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| 10. |
- Berggren, Ulf, 1948, et al.
(författare)
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Different effects of smoking or use of smokeless tobacco on platelet MAO-B activity in type 1 alcohol-dependent subjects.
- 2007
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Ingår i: Alcohol and alcoholism (Oxford, Oxfordshire). - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0735-0414 .- 1464-3502. ; 42:3, s. 267-71
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Low platelet monoamine oxidase (MAO)-B activity has been proposed as a marker for alcohol-dependence. Findings are, however, contradictory and the influence of confounding factors have been thoroughly investigated. Thus, it is now well established that cigarette smoking reduces platelet MAO-activity. However, not much is known about the influence of smokeless tobacco, i.e. snuff or chewing tobacco, on platelet MAO-B activity. The aim of the present study was to compare platelet MAO-B activity in type 1 alcohol-dependent subjects with concomitant use of smokeless tobacco (i.e. snuff users), use of smoking tobacco (i.e. cigarette smokers), and in those without any tobacco use. METHODS: Platelet MAO-B activity was examined in three groups of alcohol-dependent subjects: snuff users (n = 14), cigarette smokers (n = 33), and non-tobacco users (N = 46). RESULTS: In the alcohol-dependent subjects concomitant cigarette smokers, but not snuff users, were found to have significantly lower platelet MAO-B activity as compared to non-tobacco users (platelet MAO-B activity 4.0 +/- 1.5, 5.1 +/- 1.5 and 5.0 +/- 1.9 microkat/kg protein, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: The findings in the present study suggests that in the alcohol-dependent subjects the concomitant use of smokeless tobacco, i.e. snuffing, does not have an inhibitory effect on platelet MAO-B activity. This may have implications for future research. Thus, alcohol-dependent subjects with concomitant tobacco use should be grouped separately according to the form of the tobacco used, i.e. smoking or smokeless tobacco.
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