| 1. |
- Dumanski, Jan P., et al.
(författare)
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Smoking is associated with mosaic loss of chromosome Y
- 2015
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Ingår i: Science. - : American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). - 0036-8075 .- 1095-9203. ; 347:6217, s. 81-83
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Tobacco smoking is a risk factor for numerous disorders, including cancers affecting organs outside the respiratory tract. Epidemiological data suggest that smoking is a greater risk factor for these cancers in males compared to females. This observation, together with the fact that males have a higher incidence of and mortality from most non-sex-specific cancers, remains unexplained. Loss of chromosome Y (LOY) in blood cells is associated with increased risk of nonhematological tumors. We demonstrate here that smoking is associated with LOY in blood cells in three independent cohorts [TwinGene: odds ratio (OR) = 4.3, 95% CI = 2.8-6.7; ULSAM: OR = 2.4, 95% CI = 1.6-3.6; and PIVUS: OR = 3.5, 95% CI = 1.4-8.4] encompassing a total of 6014 men. The data also suggest that smoking has a transient and dose-dependent mutagenic effect on LOY status. The finding that smoking induces LOY thus links a preventable risk factor with the most common acquired human mutation.
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| 2. |
- Skyrman, Viktor, et al.
(författare)
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Financialized accumulation, neoliberal hegemony, and the transformation of the Swedish Welfare Model, 1980–2020
- 2022
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Ingår i: Capital and Class. - : SAGE Publications. - 0309-8168 .- 2041-0980.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Drawing on a Gramscian Regulation Approach and Harvey’s accumulation by dispossession thesis, this article discusses the structural and hegemonic mechanisms of the neoliberal transformation of Sweden’s welfare sectors. Providing new longitudinal data on welfare retrenchment, corporate governance, wealth shares, and private economic power, the article further analyzes how the transformation of the Swedish post-war universal welfare model is related to class struggle and accumulation regime change in the Swedish economy. Following a decade-long countermobilization of Swedish capital and a severe economic crisis in the early 1990s, neoliberal economic common sense was cemented among social democratic policy elites that manifested itself in an institutionalized austerity polity, leading to a slow but steady dismantling of the Swedish welfare project. Roughly a fifth of employees in the three largest welfare sectors work in private welfare companies that generate tax-financed profits on politically created welfare markets. Welfare profits are in turn defended by a welfare–industrial complex and undergirded by a hegemonic bloc consisting of capital elites and sympathetic policymakers. In the virtual absence of vocal antihegemonic forces, many social democratic leaders have limited criticism against welfare profits throughout the last decades. On the contrary, austerity measures practiced by Swedish social democrats have thereto led to deteriorating social cohesion and spawned distrust among core social democratic voters.
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| 3. |
- Dabhilkar, Mandar, et al.
(författare)
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Supplier selection or collaboration? : Determining factors of performance improvement when outsourcing manufacturing
- 2009
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Ingår i: Journal of Purchasing and Supply Management. - : Elsevier BV. - 1478-4092 .- 1873-6505. ; 15:3, s. 143-153
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- An empirical study was designed to determine factors of performance improvement when outsourcing manufacturing. Findings from a survey of 136 manufacturing plants in Sweden show that most of them achieve their outsourcing motives, but not without trade-offs. Factors of performance improvements such as economies of scale or operations in low-cost countries can improve one performance dimension, such as product cost, yet negatively impact volume flexibility, speed or product innovation. The results show part characteristics and supplier operating capabilities are more important than supplier relationship strategies when outsourcing manufacturing, meaning that supplier selection trumps supplier collaboration in the make-or-buy decision.
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| 4. |
- Arbin, Katarina, 1971-, et al.
(författare)
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Covisint in Europe : Analysing the B2B auto e-marketplace
- 2005
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Ingår i: International Journal of Automotive Technology and Management. - : InderScience Publishers. - 1470-9511 .- 1741-5012. ; 5:1, s. 31-45
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Electronic marketplaces are a popular phenomenon, both for academics and for practitioners. One of the most discussed e-marketplace is Covisint, the 'big' e-marketplace of the automotive industry. This paper analyses Covisint via transaction cost economics, the tool of choice when analysing e-marketplaces in academia. The empirical material consists of interviews with operatives and managers from customers and owners of Covisint, suppliers, potential customers that have chosen not to join Covisint, and Covisint themselves. The results indicate that Covisint has several problems: lack of incentives for suppliers to join the initiative, lack of participating organisations on the supplier side and an overall lack of ability to balance interests and objectives of the actors involved.
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| 5. |
- Arbin, Katarina, 1971-
(författare)
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E-procurement maturity in industry
- 2003
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Ingår i: International Journal of Electronic Business. - : InderScience Publishers. - 1470-6067 .- 1741-5063. ; 1:4, s. 396-407
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper aims to examine the use and implementation of electronic procurement for indirect material in eight large global companies, and investigate what kinds of barriers exist towards electronic procurement. The empirical evidence comes from interviews with e-procurement experts and operatives in eight global firms. Results show that three out of eight companies are using e-procurement and four are planning to do so in the future. Barriers shown by the empirical material are lack of technological standard, different IT-maturity among suppliers, resistance among users to leaving old suppliers, lack of support from top management, differences in language, culture and legal systems. Other barriers found are getting suppliers to update and control the electronic product catalogues and to monitor them and getting the users in the organisation to use the system.
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| 6. |
- Arbin, Katarina, 1971-
(författare)
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Individual information system acceptance behaviour : An electronic ordering system case
- 2009
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Organizations have spent and continue to spend millions of dollars on information systems (IS) in order to enable business success. Information systems have long been used to help managers make better decisions, better understand the nature of customers and improve employee productivity. They have enabled transformations in organizations, such as simplification and acceleration of work processes, and contributed to continued improvement and innovation in these processes. It is not that easy however to make this simplification and acceleration of work processes to happen. A common problem is that individuals that are supposed to use these systems do not use them, and if an information systems is to contribute to business success it has to be adopted and used. The question is therefore, how do we get individuals to adopt and use systems that are implemented?This dissertation focus on what influences individual adoption and use, and how we can get individuals to adopt and use systems that are implemented. The information system under investigation is an electronic ordering (e-ordering) system. E-ordering systems are used by individual end-users (requestors, authorizers and goods receivers) in an organization when ordering products and services. The system aims at contributing to reduced maverick (i.e. wild= purchases and increased compliance with a few centrally chosen suppliers, thus facilitating lower purchasing prices and a reduction of the costs for purchasing. The thesis also discusses the relative difficulty in getting individuals to continue to use the systems compared to get them to adopt it. Another issue that is discussed is that the acceptance process does not have to happen gradually, it can instead happen in short spurts. It is further discussed what can influence these spurts.
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| 7. |
- Arbin, Katarina, 1971-
(författare)
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The road towards successful e-ordering implementation : Success factors and barriers
- 2008
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Ingår i: International Journal of procurement management. - : InderScience Publishers. - 1753-8432 .- 1753-8440. ; 1:4, s. 415-429
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Implementing an e-ordering system in a successful way, i.e., managing the implementation process, overcoming the barriers that occur and achieving a satisfactory compliance rate, is not as easy as some consultants and software companies claim. Understanding how a given organisation has managed the implementation process (resulting in a satisfactory compliance rate) may help other organisations achieve the successful implementation of e-ordering systems. The present paper describes the implementation of an e-ordering system in a large pharmaceutical organisation, discussing the problems it faced and how those were overcome. An analysis of the success factors found in previous research is presented, revealing one area that influences implementation success to a larger extent: the end user uptake. A four-year longitudinal case study is presented, which is based on interviews, observations made in daily work, at meetings and training sessions, and other documentation.
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| 8. |
- Arbin, Katarina, 1971-
(författare)
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The structure of determinants of individual adoption and use of e-ordering systems
- 2008
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Ingår i: Human Systems Management. - : IOS Press. - 0167-2533 .- 1875-8703. ; 27:2, s. 143-159
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Electronic ordering (e-ordering) systems are currently being implemented in both private and public organizations. The advantages of these systems are widely acknowledged: increased compliance with use of fewer suppliers and improved efficiency. However, realizing these benefits is difficult due to end-user resistance to adopting and using such systems. The present paper proposes a framework inspired by adaptive structuration theory (AST) that functions as an analytical framework that helps to understand what structures and factors influence adoption and use of an e-ordering system. To the adapted AST framework is added factors of influence found in previous purchasing research, resulting in a framework that helps to understand adoption and use of an e-ordering system over time. The framework is tested using empirical data from a 4-year longitudinal case study. The paper embeds purchasing theory within the structuration framework of AST.
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| 9. |
- Englund, Peter, et al.
(författare)
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Adjustment in property space markets : Taking long-term leases and transaction costs seriously
- 2008
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Ingår i: Real estate economics (Print). - : Wiley. - 1080-8620 .- 1540-6229. ; 36:1, s. 81-109
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Markets for property space adjust only gradually because tenants and landlords are constrained by long-term leases and transaction and information costs. Not only do rents adjust slowly, but space occupancy, which depends on historical rents, often differs from demand at current rent. This creates "hidden vacancies," vacancies that will develop in the future if market rent and the space demand driver are unchanged. That is, if current rent is greater/lesser than average rent, then hidden vacancies are positive/negative. Moreover, because of hidden vacancies, open vacancies and rent are not mirror images of each other. Thus it is necessary to estimate both rental and vacancy rate adjustment processes. We do this using annual data for Stockholm offices during the 1977-2002 period and simulate the response of rent and vacancies (open and hidden) to an employment shock.
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| 10. |
- Gustavsson, Bengt, 1951-, et al.
(författare)
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Conceptualizing for managerial relevance in B2B research – A grounded theory approach
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of business & industrial marketing. - : Emerald: 24 month embargo. - 0885-8624 .- 2052-1189. ; 29:7-8, s. 626-632
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose - This study aims to formulate recommendations for business-to-business (B2B) researchers, with the potential to increase the extent to which B2B research is relevant to managers.Design/methodology/approach - These recommendations are derived from and inspired by the grounded theory methodology.Findings - In this article, we argue that conceptualizations which are potentially relevant to managers are those that discover new perspectives, simplify complexity, enable managers to take action and have an instant grab. To accomplish this as researchers, the authors emphasize fostering a beginner's mind, creating umbrella models, increasing the level of abstraction of concepts and finding the core process in data.Originality/value - In this article, we translate the basic principles within the grounded theory methodology into more general recommendations that can be used by B2B researchers.
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